- A Erik Erikson
- B Kohler
- C Skinner
- D Pavlov
Answer: Correct Answer is : Erik Erikson
Explanation:
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is a prominent theory that explains how personality develops throughout the lifespan. It emphasizes the interplay between social interactions and individual psychology in shaping a person’s sense of self.
The Eight Stages:
- Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to 1 year): The infant relies on caregivers for basic needs and develops a sense of trust or mistrust based on the quality of care received. Ego Virtue: Hope
- Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1 to 3 years): Toddlers develop a sense of independence and control over their bodies and actions. Ego Virtue: Willpower
- Initiative vs. Guilt (3 to 5 years): Children begin to explore their surroundings and take initiative in activities. Success fosters a sense of agency, while failure can lead to guilt. Ego Virtue: Purpose
- Industry vs. Inferiority (5 to 12 years): Children develop a sense of industry and competence through learning skills and interacting with peers. Ego Virtue: Competence
- Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Teenagers explore their identity, including their values, beliefs, and roles. Ego Virtue: Fidelity
- Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Young adults form close relationships and develop a sense of intimacy. Ego Virtue: Love
- Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Adults contribute to society through work, family, and community involvement. Ego Virtue: Care
- Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Older adults reflect on their life and come to terms with accomplishments and failures. Ego Virtue: Wisdom
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