Which is not characteristic of modernization?

The answer is A. Religious faith.Modernization is often associated with a decline in traditional religious beliefs and a more secular worldview. This doesn't mean religion disappears entirely, but its role in society often diminishes as modernization progresses.Empathy, mobility, and participation are all characteristics of modern societies. Modernization fosters increased social interaction and interdependence, leading to a greater emphasis on empathy and understanding. It also breaks down barriers to mobility, allowing people to move more freely and pursue new opportunities. Finally, participation in political, economic, and social spheres becomes a hallmark of modern societies.