Computer Science MCQS

Computer Science MCQ with detailed explanations for students & freshers preparing for entrance exams, various tests, interviews, competitive exams like GATE exam, interview, competitive examination and entrance exam.

Table of Content

CASE stands for

A. a) Computer-Aided Software Engineering
B. b) Control Aided Science and Engineering
C. c) Cost Aided System Experiments
D. d) None of the mentioned
Correct answer is: A. a) Computer-Aided Software Engineering
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) is a software application used to automate the software development process.

It provides tools and support for various stages of software development, including planning, designing, coding, testing, and deployment.

CASE tools improve software quality, productivity, and maintainability.

Therefore, option a) is the correct answer.

Define Agile scrum methodology.

A. a) project management that emphasizes incremental progress
B. b) project management that emphasizes decremental progress
C. c) project management that emphasizes neutral progress
D. d) project management that emphasizes no progress
Correct answer is: A. a) project management that emphasizes incremental progress
Incremental: This means building the product in small, manageable chunks called sprints. Each sprint delivers a potentially shippable product increment.

Iterative: The process is repeated, with each iteration incorporating feedback and improvements.

Focus on Value: The team prioritizes features based on their value to the customer and delivers them in increments.

By breaking down the project into smaller, manageable pieces, Agile Scrum allows teams to:

Adapt to change: Quickly respond to changing requirements and market conditions.

Deliver value early: Provide customers with valuable features sooner rather than later.

Improve quality: Continuously inspect and adapt the process to enhance product quality.

Increase team collaboration: Foster a collaborative environment where everyone contributes to the project's success.

Therefore, option a) project management that emphasizes incremental progress accurately describes Agile Scrum methodology.

__ is a software development activity that is not a part of software processes.

A. a) Validation
B. b) Specification
C. c) Development
D. d) Dependence
Correct answer is: D. d) Dependence
Dependence is correctly identified as the option that is not a software development activity.

Understanding the Terms

Validation: This is a crucial step in software development to ensure that the product meets the specified requirements. It involves testing the software against the original objectives.

Specification: This is the process of defining the software requirements in detail. It outlines what the software should do.

Development: This is the actual coding and implementation phase of the software. It involves creating the software product.

Why Dependence is Different

Dependence refers to the relationship between software components or modules. It's a characteristic or attribute of the software, not an action or process involved in creating it.

Dependence is essential to understand the software's structure and how changes in one part might affect others, but it's not an active step in the development lifecycle.

In essence, while dependence is a critical aspect of software architecture and maintenance, it's not a process or activity undertaken to build the software itself.

What are the features of Software Code?

A. a) Simplicity
B. b) Accessibility
C. c) Modularity
D. d) All of the above
Correct answer is: C. c) Modularity
Modularity is a key feature of software code.

Modularity means breaking down a complex software system into smaller, independent components or modules. This approach offers several advantages:

Reusability: Modules can be reused in different parts of the software or even in other projects.

Maintainability: Changes can be made to one module without affecting the entire system.

Testability: Individual modules can be tested independently.

Understandability: The code becomes easier to understand and manage.

While simplicity and accessibility are desirable qualities in software code, they are not always directly achievable or quantifiable features like modularity.

Therefore, modularity is the most accurate and comprehensive answer from the given options.

Who is the father of Software Engineering?

A. a) Margaret Hamilton
B. b) Watts S. Humphrey
C. c) Alan Turing
D. d) Boris Beizer
Correct answer is: B. b) Watts S. Humphrey
His Contributions

Software Process Improvement: He was instrumental in developing the Software Process Improvement (SPI) model, which laid the foundation for understanding and managing software development processes.

Capability Maturity Model (CMM): Humphrey's work led to the development of the CMM, a framework for assessing and improving software development processes.

His contributions have significantly shaped the software industry by emphasizing the importance of disciplined processes and continuous improvement.

What is Software Engineering?

A. a) Designing a software
B. b) Testing a software
C. c) Application of engineering principles to the design a software
D. d) None of the above
Correct answer is: C. c) Application of engineering principles to the design a software
Software Engineering: An Engineering Approach

Software engineering is the systematic application of engineering principles to the development, operation, and maintenance of software.

It involves:

Design: Creating the blueprint for the software, outlining its structure, components, and functionalities.

Development: Writing the actual code based on the design.

Testing: Ensuring the software works as intended and meets quality standards.

Maintenance: Making changes, improvements, or bug fixes after the software is deployed.

Essentially, it's about applying engineering methodologies to create reliable, efficient, and maintainable software systems.

Software is defined as _

A. a) set of programs, documentation & configuration of data
B. b) set of programs
C. c) documentation and configuration of data
D. d) None of the mentioned
Correct answer is: A. a) set of programs, documentation & configuration of data
Breakdown of the definition:

Programs: These are the executable instructions that the computer follows to perform tasks.

Documentation: This includes user manuals, technical specifications, and other written materials that explain how to use and maintain the software.

Configuration data: This refers to the data that determines how the software behaves, such as settings, preferences, and database information.

Together, these components form a complete software package that can be used to solve specific problems or perform specific functions.

Which of the following is not the type of queue?

A. a) Priority queue
B. b) Circular queue
C. c) Single ended queue
D. d) Ordinary queue
Correct answer is: C. c) Single ended queue
Why "Single-ended queue" is not a type of queue?

A queue is inherently a double-ended data structure.

It has two primary operations: enqueue (adding to the rear) and dequeue (removing from the front).

The term "single-ended queue" is a contradiction.

If it were single-ended, it would essentially be a stack, not a queue.

Therefore, among the given options, single-ended queue is not a valid type of queue.

The other options are valid queue types:

Priority queue: Elements have priorities, and the highest priority element is dequeued first.

Circular queue: The rear and front pointers wrap around to the beginning of the array when they reach the end.

Ordinary queue: The standard queue implementation with a front and rear pointer.

Which of the following tree data structures is not a balanced binary tree?

A. a) Splay tree
B. b) B-tree
C. c) AVL tree
D. d) Red-black tree
Correct answer is: B. b) B-tree
hy B-trees are not balanced binary trees

B-trees are indeed not balanced binary trees.

Key difference: While they are balanced, they are not binary trees.

Multiple children: Unlike binary trees, which have at most two children per node, B-trees can have multiple children (typically a minimum number defined by the order of the B-tree).

Efficiency: B-trees are designed for efficient storage and retrieval of large datasets on disk, where reading and writing data from disk is relatively slow. By allowing multiple children per node, B-trees can reduce the number of disk accesses required for search, insert, and delete operations.

In summary, while B-trees maintain balance properties to optimize performance, they deviate from the strict binary structure of binary trees.

The other options:

Splay trees, AVL trees, and Red-black trees are all types of balanced binary trees, meaning they have specific rules to maintain balance and ensure efficient operations.

What is a bit array?

A. a) Data structure that compactly stores bits
B. b) Data structure for representing arrays of records
C. c) Array in which elements are not present in continuous locations
D. d) An array in which most of the elements have the same value
Correct answer is: A. a) Data structure that compactly stores bits
Efficiency: It's designed to efficiently store boolean values (0 or 1) by utilizing individual bits instead of entire bytes or words.

Memory savings: This approach significantly reduces memory usage compared to traditional arrays that store each element as a complete byte or larger data type.

Applications: Bit arrays are commonly used in various algorithms and data structures, such as bloom filters, bitmaps, and set representations.

Essentially, a bit array is like an array, but instead of storing elements like integers or characters, it stores individual bits.

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