The data structure required for Breadth First Traversal on a graph is?

A queue is the essential data structure for Breadth-First Search (BFS) traversal on a graph.

Why a Queue?

FIFO (First In, First Out) principle: This is crucial for exploring nodes level by level. The first node added to the queue is the first one to be visited.  

Efficient enqueue and dequeue operations: The queue allows for quick insertion and removal of nodes, which is necessary for BFS.

How it works:

Enqueue the starting node: Add the initial node to the queue.

Dequeue a node: Remove the front node from the queue and visit it.

Enqueue neighbors: Add all unvisited neighbors of the dequeued node to the queue.  

Repeat steps 2 and 3: Continue until the queue is empty.

By using a queue, BFS ensures that all nodes at a given depth are visited before moving to the next level, resulting in a breadth-wise exploration of the graph.