How many factors affect growth:
Growth is primarily influenced by two main factors: heredity (genetic predisposition) and environment (nutrition, health, stimulation). Other options are incorrect as these two encompass the primary influences.
Educational Psychology MCQS
📚 Table of Content
Classical conditioning was presented by:
Ivan P. Pavlov is renowned for his pioneering work on classical conditioning, demonstrated through his experiments with dogs. B.F. Skinner is associated with operant conditioning, and J.B. Watson with behaviorism.
The variable whose effect is sought is called:
The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe its effect. The dependent variable is the outcome that is measured, making other options incorrect.
The variable which is affected by independent variable is called:
The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured and is expected to change as a result of the independent variable's manipulation. The independent variable causes the effect.
Variables other than independent variable which can affect dependent variable are called:
Relevant variables are extraneous factors that can influence the dependent variable, needing control in research. Dependent and independent variables are core components of the experiment, not external influences.
Method in which keen study of any event or behavior is made:
The Observation Method involves systematically watching and recording behavior or events without intervention. Experimental, Development, and Psychophysical methods involve manipulation or specific measurements, not just keen study.
Study of behavior under controlled conditions is:
The Experimental Method involves manipulating an independent variable under controlled conditions to observe its effect on a dependent variable. Observation, Development, and Psychophysical methods do not primarily focus on controlled manipulation of variables.
The ability to solve problems or to adjust in the new environment is the definition of:
Intelligence is defined as the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge and skills, including problem-solving and adapting to new situations. Personality and behavior are related but distinct concepts, not encompassing this specific definition.
The founder of Behaviourism is:
J. B. Watson is widely recognized as the founder of behaviorism, a school of thought emphasizing observable behavior. Maslow is associated with humanistic psychology, while Plato and Aristotle are ancient philosophers.
The discipline concerned with teaching and learning processes, applying the methods and theories of psychology is:
Educational Psychology is the specific discipline applying psychological methods and theories to teaching and learning processes. Psychology is broader, Education is the field itself, and Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic approach, not the overarching discipline.
The learner and learning theories are studied in:
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior, encompassing the study of learners and learning theories. Philosophy, Sociology, and Ontology are related fields but do not primarily focus on the scientific study of individual learning processes.
Orderly adaptive changes individuals go through from conception to death is:
Development refers to the orderly, adaptive changes individuals experience from conception to death. Organization, Assimilation, and Adaptation are related concepts but do not describe the entire lifespan process of change.
Changes in body structure and function over time is:
Physical development specifically refers to changes in body structure and function over time. Personal, Social, and Cognitive development relate to personality, social interactions, and mental processes, respectively, not bodily changes.
Changes by which mental processes become more complex is:
Cognitive development describes the changes by which mental processes, such as thinking and problem-solving, become more complex. Physical, Personal, and Social development refer to other aspects of growth, not mental processes.
The term growth is used in purely _______ sense:
Growth primarily refers to quantitative physical changes like height and weight. Development encompasses broader intellectual, social, and psychological changes, making "physical" the most accurate descriptor for growth alone.
Psychologists define heredity as transfer of characteristics to newborns from their:
Psychologists define heredity as the transfer of characteristics from parents to their offspring through genes. Nature is a broader concept, Environment refers to external factors, and Culture is learned behavior, not the source of genetic transfer.
Try to understand something new by fitting it with what is already known is:
Assimilation is Piaget's term for incorporating new information into existing schemas. Accommodation involves modifying schemas for new information, while organization structures knowledge, and equilibration balances these processes.
A mental process that occurs when a child adjusts to new information is:
Accommodation is the mental process where a child adjusts existing schemas or creates new ones to incorporate new information. Assimilation involves fitting new information into existing schemas, while Adjustment is general, and Conservation is a different cognitive concept.
The logical, goal directed action of a child starts at the stage of:
Formal operational stage (11+ years) marks the beginning of abstract, logical, and goal-directed thinking. Earlier stages like sensorimotor, preoperational, and concrete operational involve more concrete or egocentric thought processes.
The characteristic of an object stays the same even though the object might change in appearance:
Conservation is understanding that an object's properties remain constant despite superficial changes. Assimilation and accommodation relate to schema adjustment, while constructivism is a learning theory.
Wechsler Scale is a test to measure:
The Wechsler Scales are standardized tests specifically designed to measure various aspects of intelligence. Other options like cognition, emotions, or language are either broader concepts or not the primary focus of these specific scales.
View that emphasizes the active role of the learner in building knowledge and understanding is:
Constructivism posits learners actively build knowledge, unlike assimilation or conservation which are cognitive processes. Accommodation is also a cognitive process, not a learning view.
The age of 6 – 12 years as narrated by Erikson in his theory of Psychosocial Development is concerned with the stage:
Erikson's Industry versus Inferiority stage, spanning ages 6-12, focuses on developing competence and self-esteem through academic and social tasks. Other options represent earlier developmental stages in his theory.
The state when a person realizes that his or her current ways of thinking are not to understand a situation is:
Disequilibrium occurs when existing schemas fail to explain new information, prompting cognitive adjustment. Equilibrium is a state of balance, and maturation is biological development.
A child acquires the ability to solve abstract problems in logical fashion in the period of:
Piaget's Formal Operational stage, typically from 11 years onward, is characterized by the ability to solve abstract problems logically. Earlier stages like Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, and Concrete operational involve less abstract thinking.