a) operating system
b) ip address
c) stateless
d) state
state
To recover from failures in network operations, state information is crucial. This information includes details about the current status of connections, data transfers, and other relevant parameters. By maintaining state information, network protocols and applications can restore communication and resend lost data in case of failures.
For example, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) uses sequence numbers and acknowledgments to keep track of data packets and retransmit lost ones. This state information is essential for reliable data transfer.