PPSC Past Papers 2025

The book "Kitab al-Kharaj" (The Book of Land Tax) is a foundational text on Islamic public finance and taxation, authored by Imam Abu Yusuf. He was a prominent student of Imam Abu Hanifa and served as the chief judge (Qadi al-Qudat) during the Abbasid Caliphate under Caliph Harun al-Rashid, advising him on fiscal and administrative matters. His work systematically outlines principles of taxation, land ownership, and state revenue in an Islamic context.

• Imam Abu Hanifa was Abu Yusuf's teacher and a founder of the Hanafi school of thought, but he did not author this specific book.
• Imam Shafi founded the Shafi'i school of thought, distinct from the Hanafi school.
• Muhammad Al Shaybani was another influential student of Abu Hanifa, known for his contributions to Islamic law, but "Kitab al-Kharaj" is attributed to Abu Yusuf.

The title Khateeb-ul-Anbia, meaning 'The Orator of the Prophets', was bestowed upon Hazrat Shoaib (AS). This foundational concept in Islamic history recognizes his eloquent and persistent preaching to his people, the Madyanites, urging them to abandon idolatry and corruption. He was renowned for his powerful sermons and logical arguments.

• Hazrat Idrees (AS) is known for his wisdom and knowledge.
• Hazrat Yaqoob (AS) is known as Isra'il.
• Hazrat Ibrahim (AS) is revered as Khalilullah, the 'Friend of Allah'.

Therefore, Hazrat Shoaib (AS) is the correct answer due to his distinctive role as a powerful orator among the prophets.

The congregational prayer of Tarawih (Ba Jammat) was formally established and prayed for the first time during the caliphate of Hazrat Umar (RA). While the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) prayed Tarawih, it was often individually or in small groups. Hazrat Umar (RA) observed people praying in scattered groups and decided to unify them under one Imam, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, to ensure a more organized and consistent practice during Ramadan nights.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) was the first caliph, but the formal congregational practice was not during his time.
• Hazrat Usman (RA) and Hazrat Ali (RA) were later caliphs, by which time the practice was already established.

Thus, Hazrat Umar (RA) is credited with organizing the congregational Tarawih prayer.

In the science of Hadith, a Hadith in which the chain of narrators remains unbroken and continuous from the first narrator all the way back to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is called Mutassil (or Musnad). This continuity is a crucial criterion for assessing the authenticity and reliability of a Hadith, ensuring that no links are missing in its transmission.

• A Hasan Hadith is a classification based on the strength of its narrators and chain, being good but not as strong as Sahih.
• A Mutawatir Hadith is one narrated by such a large number of narrators at each stage that it is impossible for them to have conspired to fabricate it; it focuses on the number of narrators, not just continuity.

The question asks about the compiler of a book by Ahmad bin Shoaib (RA). Ahmad bin Shoaib is famously known as Imam An-Nasa'i, and his renowned compilation of Hadith is Sunan an-Nasa'i. Since Sunan an-Nasa'i is not listed among the options, "None of these" is the correct answer.

• Tirmazi (Sunan al-Tirmidhi) was compiled by Imam Abu Isa Muhammad ibn Isa al-Tirmidhi.
• Al Bukhari (Sahih al-Bukhari) was compiled by Imam Muhammad al-Bukhari.
• Ibn Maja (Sunan Ibn Majah) was compiled by Imam Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Majah.

Each of these scholars compiled their respective collections, distinct from Imam An-Nasa'i's work.

The question asks what will be the heaviest thing in the book of deeds on the Day of Judgment. According to Islamic teachings, حسن اخلاق (good manners or excellent character) holds immense weight.

• The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said, "There is nothing heavier in the scales than good character." This emphasizes its paramount importance.
• While نماز (prayer) and حج (Hajj) are fundamental pillars of Islam and carry great reward, the Hadith specifically highlights good character as the heaviest.
• حقوق العباد (rights of people) are also crucial and are often intertwined with good character, as treating others justly and kindly is a manifestation of good manners. However, "good character" is a broader concept that encompasses these rights and more.

Pakistan gained independence in August 1947. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was established in 1944 to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world. Countries typically join such institutions shortly after their independence to integrate into the global financial system.

• 1950 is the correct answer. Pakistan officially became a member of the IMF on July 11, 1950, a few years after its independence.
• 1947 is incorrect; while Pakistan became independent in 1947, its formal membership in the IMF occurred later.
• 1948 is incorrect as Pakistan's membership was not finalized in this year.
• None of these is incorrect because 1950 is the accurate year of membership.

The correct preposition to use with 'proficient' when referring to a subject or area of skill is 'in'. Therefore, 'He is proficient in math' is the grammatically correct phrase.

• A. In: This is correct. 'Proficient in' means skilled or expert in a particular field or activity.
• B. With: 'Proficient with' is typically used when referring to tools or people (e.g., proficient with a computer, proficient with children), not subjects.
• C. At: 'Proficient at' is used for specific tasks or activities (e.g., proficient at playing chess), but 'in' is preferred for broader subjects.
• D. Off: This preposition is entirely incorrect in this context.

The phrase “Many a/an” is a grammatical construction that, despite implying plurality, always takes a singular noun and a singular verb. It emphasizes individual items within a large group.

• Was is the correct option because the subject “Many a man” requires a singular verb. Although it refers to multiple men, the structure treats it as a singular unit for verb agreement.
• Were is incorrect because it is a plural verb, used with plural subjects.
• Had been is incorrect because while it is singular, it implies a past perfect tense, suggesting an action completed before another past action, which is not the simple past tense required here.

The sentence describes a simple past event affecting many individuals.

The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) is a leading independent, non-governmental organization dedicated to the promotion and protection of human rights in Pakistan. It plays a crucial role in monitoring human rights violations, advocating for policy reforms, and raising public awareness.

• 1986 is the correct answer. The HRCP was established in 1986 by a group of concerned citizens and human rights activists, during a period when civil society organizations were emerging to advocate for democratic values and human rights in the country.
• 1985 is incorrect; the HRCP was not founded in this year.
• 1987 is incorrect; the establishment of the commission predates this year.
• None of these is incorrect as 1986 is the accurate founding year.

The sentence requires a verb that forms the present continuous tense to describe an ongoing action. The structure for the present continuous tense is 'subject + is/am/are + verb-ing'.

• D. Is: This is the correct auxiliary verb to form the present continuous tense ('is cutting') with the singular subject 'The farmer'. It indicates that the action is happening now.
• A. Was: This would form the past continuous tense ('was cutting'), implying the action happened in the past, which doesn't fit the implied present context.
• B. Has: This would typically be used for the present perfect tense ('has cut') or present perfect continuous ('has been cutting'), neither of which fits directly with 'cutting' alone to describe an ongoing action.
• C. Had: This would form the past perfect tense ('had cut') or past perfect continuous ('had been cutting'), indicating an action completed before another past action.

The verb “accuse” typically takes the preposition “of” when referring to the charge or crime someone is blamed for. This is a standard idiomatic usage in English.

• She accused him of stealing her purse is the correct sentence because it uses the appropriate preposition “of” after “accused,” which is grammatically correct for specifying the offense.
• She accuse him with stealing her purse is incorrect because “accuse with” is not the standard prepositional phrase.
• She accused him to stealing her purse is also incorrect as “accuse to” is not used in this context.

Understanding correct preposition usage is crucial for accurate sentence construction.

The term 'Axis of Resistance' describes an informal political and military alliance in the Middle East. This alliance is primarily led by Iran and includes various state and non-state actors, such as Hezbollah in Lebanon, various Iraqi Shia militias, and the Houthis in Yemen. Its defining characteristic is a shared opposition to Israel and, to varying degrees, to the United States and its allies.

• Axis of Resistance is the correct answer. This term accurately identifies the coalition of groups and states aligned against Israel and Western influence in the region.
• Jabhat al-Nusra and Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham are both Sunni Islamist militant groups primarily active in the Syrian Civil War, not a broad regional alliance against Israel.
• Axis of Evil was a term coined by former U.S. President George W. Bush to describe countries like Iran, Iraq, and North Korea, but it is not an alliance formed by these countries themselves.

To choose the synonym of ENTICE, we need to understand its meaning. 'Entice' means to attract or tempt someone by offering pleasure or advantage.

• C. Lure: This is the correct synonym. 'Lure' means to tempt (a person or an animal) to do something or to go somewhere, especially by offering some form of reward or attraction. Both words convey the idea of drawing someone in through temptation.
• A. Alert: To 'alert' means to warn someone of a danger, problem, or other important information. This is the opposite of enticing.
• B. Caution: To 'caution' means to warn or advise someone against something. This is also contrary to the meaning of entice.
• D. None of these: This is incorrect because 'Lure' is a direct synonym.

Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi was a highly influential Islamic scholar, reformer, and a prominent figure of the Naqshbandi Sufi order in India. His life and teachings significantly impacted Islamic thought in the subcontinent.

• 1564 AD is the correct birth year for Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi. He was born in Sirhind, Punjab, during the Mughal era.
• The other options, 1532 AD, 1554 AD, and 1581 AD, are incorrect dates for his birth.

Knowing the correct birth year is essential for understanding his historical context and the timeline of his contributions to Islamic scholarship and reform.

Allama Muhammad Iqbal, renowned as the "Poet of the East," was a multifaceted scholar. While primarily celebrated for his profound philosophical poetry, his academic journey began with a different focus. His first book, published in Urdu in 1903, was titled "Ilm-ul-Iqtisad" (The Science of Economics).

• This work established his early academic interest in Economics, making it the correct answer.
• Although Iqbal was a profound philosopher and his later works deeply explored philosophical and political themes, "Ilm-ul-Iqtisad" predates these.
• His contributions to politics and history were significant but came after his initial foray into economics.

Understanding a country's largest export partner is crucial for analyzing its economic dependencies and trade relations. Pakistan's economy relies significantly on its export sector, particularly for foreign exchange earnings and job creation.

• US is the correct answer. The United States has consistently been Pakistan's largest export destination for many years, primarily for textiles and apparel. This strong trade relationship is vital for Pakistan's economy, providing a significant market for its manufactured goods.
• China is a major trade partner for Pakistan, especially for imports and investments (e.g., CPEC), but it is not its largest export destination.
• UAE and UK are also significant trade partners but do not surpass the US in terms of the volume of Pakistani exports.

When changing direct speech with 'Let me' into indirect speech, especially when it expresses a request or suggestion, the structure typically involves 'asked/requested to let' or 'suggested that someone should be allowed to'.

• A. Diana asked me to let she do her work. This is incorrect because 'she' is a subject pronoun; it should be the object pronoun 'her' after 'let'.
• B. Diana ordered me to let him do his work. This is incorrect for two reasons: 'ordered' might be too strong for a simple 'let me', and 'him' is incorrect as the original speaker is Diana (female).
• C. Diana proposed me to let done her work. This is grammatically incorrect. 'Proposed me' is awkward, and 'let done' is not a valid construction; it should be 'let her do'.
• D. None of these: This is the correct option because all the provided alternatives contain grammatical errors or misinterpretations of the original statement. The correct indirect speech would be: 'Diana asked me to let her do her work.'

Hazrat Sauda bint Zam'ah (RA) was one of the wives of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and a revered figure in Islamic history. Her passing occurred during a specific period of early Islamic caliphate.

• Hazrat Umar (RA) is the correct answer. Hazrat Sauda (RA) passed away in the 23rd year of Hijra, which falls within the caliphate of Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA).
• Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) is incorrect as her death occurred after his caliphate.
• Hazrat Usman (RA) and Hazrat Ali (RA) are incorrect as their caliphates followed that of Hazrat Umar (RA).

This question tests knowledge of the timeline of early Islamic history and the lives of the Prophet's companions.

The Pashtun people, an ethnic group primarily residing in Afghanistan and Pakistan, adhere to a traditional ethical code known as Pashtunwali. This ancient, unwritten code governs their social conduct, honor, and hospitality.

• Pashtunwali is a comprehensive system of values and customs that predates Islam in the region and has been integrated with Islamic principles over centuries, making it the specific traditional code.
• Sharia refers to Islamic law, which is followed by Muslims globally, including Pashtuns, but it is not the unique traditional ethical code of the Pashtuns in the same way Pashtunwali is.
• Deobandi is a revivalist movement within Sunni Islam, and Sufism is a mystical dimension of Islam; neither represents the overarching traditional ethical code of the Pashtun people.

The federal budget is a critical document outlining the government's projected revenues and expenditures for the upcoming fiscal year. It reflects the economic priorities, fiscal health, and development plans of the nation, impacting all sectors of the economy and the lives of citizens.

• Rs 18.877 trillion is the correct answer. This figure represents the total outlay for Pakistan's Federal Budget for the fiscal year 2024-25, as officially announced by the government. This budget aims to address economic challenges, manage debt, and fund development projects across various sectors.
• The other options, Rs 15.577 trillion, Rs 13.777 trillion, and Rs 11.977 trillion, are incorrect figures for the 2024-25 budget. These amounts do not reflect the officially announced budget size.