judiciary and Law MCQs
This section contains important Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to Judiciary, Constitution, Legal System, Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), Civil & Criminal Law, Evidence Act, CrPC, and other law-related topics. These MCQs are very useful for competitive exams such as PPSC, FPSC, SPSC, KPPSC, BPSC, NTS, CSS, PMS, Judiciary exams, and other recruitment tests.
By practicing these MCQs, candidates can strengthen their knowledge of:
Judicial structure and functions in Pakistan
Constitutional provisions and amendments
Civil & Criminal procedure laws
Legal terminologies and principles
International law basics
Stay updated and prepare effectively with our Judiciary and Law MCQs, designed to help aspirants succeed in their exams
A.
In Supreme Court directly
B.
By filing an election petition before a tribunal
C.
By public protest
D.
Through the caretaker government
Correct answer is:
B. By filing an election petition before a tribunal
Explanation:
Article 225 mandates tribunals for election disputes.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Hold all seats
B.
Resign all but one within 30 days
C.
Resign only if asked by the President
D.
Take oath for all seats
Correct answer is:
B. Resign all but one within 30 days
Explanation:
Article 223 requires resignation from extra seats.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Chief Justice
B.
President in consultation with PM and Opposition Leader
C.
Outgoing PM alone
D.
Election Commission
Correct answer is:
B. President in consultation with PM and Opposition Leader
Explanation:
Appointment is made with mutual consultation.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
Correct answer is:
C. 3
Explanation:
The National Assembly must hold at least three sessions per year. This ensures regular legislative work and accountability of the executive, giving members the opportunity to discuss policies and pass laws efficiently.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
By a single member's decision
B.
By majority of the members present and voting
C.
By the President's discretion
D.
By a unanimous vote
Correct answer is:
B. By majority of the members present and voting
Explanation:
Decisions are taken by majority vote of members present. This democratic process ensures that the Assembly functions efficiently, reflecting collective representation rather than individual authority.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
60
B.
96
C.
104
D.
116
Correct answer is:
B. 96
Explanation:
🏛️ Current Composition of the Senate
Total Members: 96
Representation:
Provinces: Each of the four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan) elects 23 senators, totaling 92.
Federal Capital: Islamabad elects 4 senators.
Reserved Seats:
Women: 17 seats reserved for women.
Technocrats/Ulema: 17 seats reserved for technocrats and ulema.
Non-Muslim Minorities: 4 seats reserved for non-Muslim minorities (one from each province).
🗳️ Recent Changes
The reduction from 104 to 96 members occurred following the merger of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through the 25th Amendment in May 2018. This merger led to the abolition of 8 Senate seats previously allocated to FATA, thereby reducing the total number of Senate members to 96.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Two years from the day they enter office
B.
Three years from the day they enter office
C.
Four years from the day they enter office
D.
Five years from the day they enter office
Correct answer is:
B. Three years from the day they enter office
Explanation:
The Chairman and Deputy Chairman serve three-year terms. This term ensures continuity and stability while allowing periodic elections to uphold democratic accountability.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
21 years
B.
25 years
C.
30 years
D.
35 years
Correct answer is:
B. 25 years
Explanation:
A candidate must be at least 25 years old to contest National Assembly elections. This age requirement ensures maturity, understanding of legislative responsibilities, and the ability to represent constituents effectively.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
They are disqualified from being a member of the House.
B.
They are declared to have defected from the political party.
C.
They are required to resign from their membership.
D.
They are allowed to continue as a member.
Correct answer is:
B. They are declared to have defected from the political party.
Explanation:
Under Article 63-A of the Constitution of Pakistan:
A member who votes contrary to the direction of their Parliamentary Party (also called “floor-crossing” or “defection”) does not automatically get disqualified.
The head of the political party must make a declaration to the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) requesting action against the member.
Only after the ECP considers the declaration and verifies that the member violated party directives, can the seat be declared vacant and the member be disqualified.
So, in your MCQ:
Question:
What happens to a member of a Parliamentary Party who votes contrary to the direction issued by the Parliamentary Party in relation to the election of the Prime Minister or the Chief Minister?
Correct Answer:
B) They are declared to have defected from the political party. ✅
Explanation (5–6 lines):
When a member votes against their Parliamentary Party’s direction, they are considered to have defected. However, they are not automatically disqualified. The head of the political party must file a complaint with the Election Commission of Pakistan. The ECP then investigates and can declare the member’s seat vacant if the violation is confirmed. This process ensures due procedure is followed and protects the rights of both the member and the party.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
The seat becomes vacant
B.
The seat remains unchanged
C.
The seat is contested again
D.
The member is given a warning
Correct answer is:
A. The seat becomes vacant
Explanation:
If a member is found to have violated party directives, their seat becomes vacant. This ensures accountability, reinforces constitutional provisions, and preserves the integrity of parliamentary representation.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
40 years
B.
45 years
C.
50 years
D.
55 years
Correct answer is:
B. 45 years
Explanation:
According to Article 41 of the Constitution, a person must be at least 45 years old to qualify for election as President. This ensures sufficient maturity and experience for the highest constitutional office. It also helps maintain the dignity and authority of the presidency.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
The presence of a specific number of members.
B.
All
C.
The approval of the President.
D.
The presence of all members.
Correct answer is:
A. The presence of a specific number of members.
Explanation:
Question:
What is the condition for the validity of proceedings in Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) as per the Constitution of Pakistan?
Constitutional Basis:
Article 64 and related provisions of the Constitution of Pakistan require a quorum for parliamentary proceedings to be valid.
A quorum is the minimum number of members that must be present in the House during any sitting.
Without a quorum, decisions, resolutions, or votes cannot be considered legally valid.
✅ Correct Answer:
A) The presence of a specific number of members
📝 Explanation (5–6 lines):
The Constitution mandates that a minimum number of members (quorum) must be present for any proceedings of the Majlis-e-Shoora to be valid. This ensures that decisions are representative and not taken by only a few members. The quorum protects the democratic principle of collective participation and prevents any single group from dominating the legislative process. It applies to both the National Assembly and the Senate.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
3 years
B.
5 years
C.
7 years
D.
Lifetime appointment
Correct answer is:
B. 5 years
Explanation:
The President is elected for a term of 5 years. This term can be renewed if the person is re-elected. Fixed tenure provides stability to the executive office and ensures periodic democratic evaluation of the President’s performance.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
It must be passed by the Senate.
B.
It must originate in the National Assembly.
C.
It must be approved by the President.
D.
It must be related to the financial obligations of the Federal Government.
Correct answer is:
B. It must originate in the National Assembly.
Explanation:
A Money Bill deals with taxation, expenditure, or financial obligations. Article 73 mandates it must originate in the National Assembly, ensuring financial accountability and legislative oversight.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Prime Minister
B.
President
C.
Speaker of the National Assembly
D.
Chairman of the Senate
Correct answer is:
B. President
Explanation:
Article 45 empowers the President to grant pardons or commute sentences. This constitutional power serves as a mercy provision to correct judicial errors or show leniency in special circumstances. It is exercised sparingly and responsibly.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
The Speaker's decision is advisory and can be overridden by the President.
B.
The Speaker's decision is final.
C.
The Speaker's decision is subject to approval by the Federal Government.
D.
The Speaker has no role in determining whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not.
Correct answer is:
B. The Speaker's decision is final.
Explanation:
The Speaker’s determination is final, providing clarity and preventing disputes. This ensures proper legislative procedure and preserves the authority of the National Assembly in financial matters.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
3 days
B.
7 days
C.
14 days
D.
30 days
Correct answer is:
A. 3 days
Explanation:
The Speaker must transmit the removal notice to the President within 3 days. This ensures the process is swift and prevents unnecessary delays. It is a constitutional safeguard to maintain parliamentary accountability and government efficiency.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Public Account of the Federation
B.
Federal Consolidated Fund
C.
Annual Budget Statement
D.
National Assembly Fund
Correct answer is:
B. Federal Consolidated Fund
Explanation:
The Federal Consolidated Fund holds all government revenues, loans, and repayments. It is the main source for government expenditure, ensuring transparency and central management of public funds.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Not later than 7 days and not earlier than 14 days
B.
Not earlier than 7 days and not later than 14 days
C.
Not later than 14 days and not earlier than 21 days
D.
Not earlier than 14 days and not later than 21 days
Correct answer is:
B. Not earlier than 7 days and not later than 14 days
Explanation:
The joint sitting of Parliament must convene within 7–14 days after receiving the notice. This period allows members to prepare for discussion while ensuring the process is not delayed, maintaining constitutional efficiency.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
On the recommendation of the Provincial Government
B.
On the recommendation of the Federal Government
C.
On the recommendation of the Prime Minister
D.
Without any recommendation
Correct answer is:
B. On the recommendation of the Federal Government
Explanation:
All demands for grants require Federal Government recommendation. This ensures proper authorization, coordination, and accountability before public money is allocated or spent.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
To vote
B.
To appear and be represented
C.
To dissolve the assembly
D.
To appoint the Prime Minister
Correct answer is:
B. To appear and be represented
Explanation:
The President may appear and be represented during a joint sitting but cannot vote. This maintains the impartiality of the President while allowing oversight of legislative processes, upholding the separation of powers.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Dissolve Senate
B.
Dissolve National Assembly
C.
Remove Prime Minister directly
D.
Suspend Constitution
Correct answer is:
B. Dissolve National Assembly
Explanation:
Under Article 58, the President may dissolve the National Assembly under certain conditions. This constitutional provision is a check on parliamentary functionality and ensures governance can be re-evaluated if necessary.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
10 days
B.
15 days
C.
30 days
D.
Immediately
Correct answer is:
A. 10 days
Explanation:
The President must act within 10 days according to Article 48. This ensures that the Prime Minister’s advice is implemented promptly, preventing executive delays, and maintaining smooth governance.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Senate and National Assembly
B.
National Assembly and Provincial Assembly
C.
Senate and Provincial Assembly
D.
All of these
Correct answer is:
D. All of these
Explanation:
A person cannot simultaneously be a member of multiple assemblies. This prevents conflicts of interest and ensures representatives focus on their legislative responsibilities in one house only.
1973 Constitutions MCQS
A.
Yes
B.
No
C.
Only in the Supreme Court
D.
Only in the High Court
Correct answer is:
B. No
Explanation:
Constitution of Pakistan, the President’s discretionary actions cannot be challenged in any court.
Article 48 and related provisions grant the President certain powers to act in his discretion.
These actions, when exercised under the Constitution, are considered final and not subject to judicial review.
This ensures that the President can exercise constitutional responsibilities without interference from the judiciary, maintaining the separation of powers.
✅ Correct Answer:
B) No
Explanation (5–6 lines):
The President of Pakistan has discretionary powers under the Constitution, particularly regarding appointments, pardons, and other constitutional duties. These actions are legally protected from judicial review to allow the President to function independently in fulfilling constitutional obligations. Courts cannot question or invalidate anything done in this discretionary capacity, ensuring stability in executive functions.
1973 Constitutions MCQS