This section provides important and solved Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) from the Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967, which is a vital law governing land administration, revenue collection, and settlement in Punjab. These MCQs cover key provisions, definitions, powers of revenue officers, and important sections of the Act.
These MCQs are especially helpful for candidates preparing for:
This question pertains to land classification based on irrigation methods, a fundamental concept in agricultural geography and land revenue systems.
Barani (Option C) is the correct answer. It refers to land that is entirely dependent on rainfall for cultivation, meaning it is unirrigated by artificial means. This term is commonly used in regions like Pakistan and India.
Nehri (Option A) refers to land irrigated by canals (nehr means canal), making it incorrect as the question specifies unirrigated land.
Sailabi (Option B) refers to land that is irrigated by floodwaters or moisture from rivers, also making it incorrect as it implies a form of natural irrigation, distinct from purely rain-fed.
Understanding these classifications is crucial for land management and agricultural planning.
This question also relates to land classification based on water sources, specifically focusing on natural moisture from rivers.
Sailabi (Option A) is the correct answer. This term describes land that benefits from the moisture left by receding floodwaters or is naturally irrigated by the proximity to rivers, making it fertile without artificial irrigation.
Barani (Option B) refers to land solely dependent on rainfall, not river moisture or flooding, thus it is incorrect.
Both A and B (Option C) is incorrect because Barani and Sailabi describe distinct types of unirrigated land based on their water source.
Distinguishing between these land types is important for assessing agricultural potential and land revenue.
This question focuses on land irrigated by specific natural or semi-natural water bodies other than canals or direct rainfall.
Abi (Option B) is the correct answer. This term is used for land that receives irrigation from sources like tanks, jhils (lakes), streams, or springs. It signifies land that is artificially or naturally irrigated by these specific water bodies.
Barani (Option A) refers to rain-fed land, which is unirrigated by these sources, making it incorrect.
Nehri (Option C) refers to land irrigated specifically by canals, not tanks, jhils, or springs, thus it is also incorrect.
Accurate classification helps in understanding the water management practices and agricultural productivity of different regions.
The correct answer is May and June. In Pakistan, the Kharif crop season typically commences with the onset of the monsoon rains, which usually occurs during the months of May and June. These are summer crops that require warm, wet conditions for growth.
'June and July' would be mid-season for sowing, not the start.
'April and May' is too early for the main Kharif sowing period, though some preparatory work might begin.
'None of these' is incorrect as May and June accurately mark the beginning of the Kharif period.
Understanding these agricultural cycles is crucial for crop planning and water management.
The correct answer is October and November. The Rabi crop season in Pakistan begins after the monsoon season, typically in the cooler, drier months of October and November. These are winter crops that are sown in autumn and harvested in spring.
'November and December' would be mid-season for sowing, not the start.
'October and September' is partially correct but September is generally too early for the main Rabi sowing.
'None of these' is incorrect as October and November precisely define the start of the Rabi period.
This timing is essential for agricultural planning and ensuring optimal crop yields.
Kharif crops are fundamentally monsoon crops, meaning they are sown at the onset of the monsoon season, typically from June to July, and harvested after the monsoon recedes. In Pakistan, the harvesting period for these crops, which include rice, cotton, and maize, generally concludes between September and October. This timeframe is accurate because it marks the end of the monsoon rains and the beginning of cooler, drier weather suitable for harvesting. Options A (October and November) and C (November and December) are incorrect as they extend too late into the year, overlapping significantly with the sowing period for Rabi crops. Option D is false because a correct period is identified.
Rabi crops are winter crops, sown during the cooler months, typically from October to November, and harvested as spring approaches. In Pakistan, the harvesting period for major Rabi crops like wheat, barley, and gram, usually concludes between April and May. This timing is precise as it corresponds to the maturation of these crops before the intense summer heat sets in, making option B correct. Option A (March and April) is too early for the general end of the Rabi harvest, while options C (May and June) and D (June and July) are too late, extending into the Kharif sowing season. Therefore, April and May accurately define the end of the Rabi crop cycle.
Kharif crops are primarily cultivated during the monsoon season, which spans from June to July for sowing, with harvesting occurring after the monsoon. Given their harvesting period, which typically falls in September and October, Kharif crops are also widely known as the Autumn harvest. This designation, making option A correct, reflects the season in which these crops are brought in. Option B, 'Summer harvest,' is incorrect because while they grow during summer, their harvest is later. Option C, 'Spring harvest,' refers to Rabi crops. Option D is incorrect as a specific term exists for Kharif crops.
Rabi crops are distinct from Kharif crops as they are sown in the winter months, typically from October to November, and harvested as the weather warms up in spring. Due to this specific harvesting period, which generally occurs between April and May, Rabi crops are commonly referred to as the Spring harvest. This term, making option C correct, accurately reflects the season of their collection. Options A ('Summer and Autumn harvest'), B ('Spring and Summer harvest'), and D ('Summer harvest') are incorrect because they include seasons not associated with the primary harvesting period of Rabi crops, which are distinctly linked to the cooler months and spring.
In the context of agricultural administration and land revenue systems, 'Girdawri' refers to the official inspection of crops conducted by revenue authorities. The first six-monthly inspection, which is typically carried out in the month of October, is specifically focused on assessing the standing or recently harvested Kharif crops. This crucial inspection, known as 'Kharif Girdawri,' is vital for land record maintenance and agricultural statistics, making option B correct. 'Rabi Girdawri' (Option C) is a separate inspection conducted later, usually in March, for Rabi crops. 'Zaid Girdawri' (Option A) pertains to an intermediate crop season, not the main October inspection.
The term Rabi Girdawri refers to the inspection of Rabi (winter) crops. Rabi crops are typically sown in October-November and harvested in March-April. An inspection conducted in February falls squarely within the growing season of Rabi crops, making 'Rabi Girdawri' the accurate designation for this second inspection.
Kharif Girdawri (B) is incorrect because Kharif crops are monsoon crops, inspected during their growing season, which is typically from June to October, not February.
Both A and B (C) is false as February is specific to Rabi crops.
None of these (D) is incorrect as 'Rabi Girdawri' is the correct term.
The Lambardar is a crucial functionary primarily responsible for revenue administration and maintaining law and order at the village level. They act as a vital link between the villagers and the government, assisting in land revenue collection and reporting local issues.
At the Province (A) level, administration is handled by higher government departments and officials, not individual Lambardars.
While towns have local administration, the traditional role of a Lambardar is specifically associated with rural Village (C) communities.
Therefore, None of these (D) is incorrect as the village is the correct level.
The Lambardar receives a commission for their services in collecting land revenue, which is known as Pachotra. This incentive is set at 5% of the total land revenue collected. This percentage is a long-standing administrative practice to compensate the Lambardar for their efforts and responsibilities.
Options 8% (A), 3% (C), and 2% (D) are incorrect percentages. The established and recognized rate for Pachotra, the Lambardar's share of land revenue, is precisely 5%.
The Tehsildar is the principal officer entrusted with the overall revenue administration of a Tehsil (or Taluka), which is an administrative subdivision. Their responsibilities include land revenue collection, maintaining land records, and resolving land-related disputes within their jurisdiction.
A Naib Tehsildar (A) assists the Tehsildar but is not the primary officer in charge of the entire Tehsil's revenue administration.
A Lambardar (C) operates at the village level, assisting the Tehsildar, but does not head the Tehsil's administration.
A Landlord (D) is a private land owner and not a government functionary responsible for public revenue administration.
The specific register used for recording the details of crop inspections is called Khasra Girdawri. This register contains vital information about the crops sown, land utilization, and other agricultural data for each individual land parcel (Khasra number), making it a crucial document for land revenue administration.
Girdawri (B) refers to the act of crop inspection itself, not the register where the details are recorded.
Intiqal (C) refers to the mutation or transfer of land ownership, which is a different type of land record altogether.
Therefore, None of these (D) is incorrect as 'Khasra Girdawri' is the precise term for the crop inspection register.
The assessment of Land Revenue, which determines the amount of tax payable on land, remains in force for a specific period to ensure stability and predictability in the revenue system. According to relevant land revenue laws, this assessment typically remains in force for 25 years. This fixed period allows for long-term planning for both landowners and the government. Options A, C, and D (20, 30, and 35 years respectively) are incorrect durations. The 25-year cycle is a foundational aspect of land revenue administration, ensuring periodic re-evaluation while avoiding overly frequent changes.
This question tests knowledge of procedural timelines within the Punjab Land Revenue Act 1967, specifically regarding appeals to the Commissioner.
60 days (Option D) is the correct answer. According to the Punjab Land Revenue Act 1967, an appeal to the Commissioner against an order passed by a subordinate revenue officer must be filed within sixty days from the date of the order. This timeframe is a critical legal provision.
20 days (Option A), 30 days (Option B), and 50 days (Option C) are incorrect timeframes for filing an appeal to the Commissioner under this specific Act.
Adhering to these statutory limitations is essential for the validity of legal proceedings in land revenue matters.
In the administrative hierarchy of land revenue, the Tehsildar is a key official responsible for land records and revenue collection at the tehsil level. The deputy of a Tehsildar is officially known as a Naib Tehsildar. This position assists the Tehsildar in their duties and often handles specific sub-divisions or tasks. Option A, Board of Revenue, is a much higher administrative body. Option B, Executive revenue, is a descriptive term and not an official designation. Therefore, 'Naib Tehsildar' is the correct and specific title for the deputy of a Tehsildar, reflecting the structured administrative roles within the land revenue department.
This question requires specific knowledge of sections within the Punjab Land Revenue Act 1967 concerning land demarcation and boundary marks.
Section 121 (Option A) is the correct answer. This section of the Punjab Land Revenue Act 1967 empowers the Board of Revenue to make rules for the demarcation of boundaries and the creation, maintenance, and repair of boundary marks. This provision is fundamental for maintaining clear land records and preventing disputes.
Sections 122, 123, and 124 (Options B, C, and D) deal with other aspects of land revenue administration, but not specifically with the rule-making power for boundary demarcation and marks as outlined in Section 121.
Understanding these specific sections is vital for legal practitioners and land administrators.
The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 was a significant piece of legislation in British India, governing the compulsory acquisition of private land for public purposes. It officially came into force on March 1, 1894. This act provided the legal framework for the government to acquire land, offering compensation to the landowners. Understanding its commencement date is crucial for historical and legal context. Options A and C are incorrect as they state different dates. Option D is incorrect because a specific date is provided and is the correct answer.
The power to deposit rent in certain cases is a crucial provision in land laws, designed to protect tenants when landlords refuse to accept rent or are untraceable. Revenue Officer (A) is the correct authority for this purpose.
The Revenue Officer is empowered by law to receive rent deposits, ensuring the tenant fulfills their obligation and preventing arbitrary eviction. This mechanism resolves disputes and ensures legal compliance.
Land revenue (B) refers to the tax on land, not an official designated to receive rent deposits.
Landlords (C) are the usual recipients of rent, but the question specifically addresses "certain cases" where direct payment to them is not feasible or problematic, necessitating an official intermediary.
None of these (D) is incorrect because the Revenue Officer is the designated authority.
In land revenue terminology, different types of land are classified based on their irrigation sources. Chahi land specifically refers to land that is irrigated using water drawn from wells. This method of irrigation is common in regions where canal systems are not prevalent.
Nehri land is irrigated by canals.
Abi land is generally irrigated by perennial sources like rivers or canals, often implying abundant water.
Barani land, conversely, is rain-fed and relies solely on rainfall for irrigation.
Therefore, 'Chahi' is the precise term for well-irrigated land.
Section 9 of the Specific Relief Act, 1877, deals with suits for possession of immovable property. The "bar of relief by suit" refers to the finality of certain orders under this section. The correct answer is Act I of 1877 (C).
Act I of 1877 refers to the Specific Relief Act, 1877. Section 9 of this Act explicitly states that no appeal lies from any order or decree passed in any suit instituted under this section, nor shall any review of any such order or decree be allowed, thus barring further relief by suit on the same grounds.
Options (A) Act I of 1977, (B) Act II of 1877, and (D) Act II of 1977 are incorrect as they do not correspond to the Specific Relief Act, 1877.
This question pertains to historical legislative amendments concerning the powers of provincial courts. The words “with the previous sanction of the Governor General in Council” were deleted by the Punjab courts (C).
Historically, certain legislative powers or rule-making authorities of provincial courts, such as the Punjab Courts, were subject to the central government's sanction. With constitutional reforms and devolution of powers, such restrictive clauses were removed, often through provincial legislation or adaptations, specifically impacting the Punjab Courts Act.
Options (A) Sindh courts and (B) Balochistan courts are incorrect as the specific deletion of this phrase in the context of the options provided points to the Punjab Courts Act as the relevant legislation.
Correct answer is:
A. The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1998
Land revenue is a tax levied on agricultural land, and governments can abolish or modify such taxes through specific legislation. The law that abolished Land Revenue in the Province of Punjab is The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1998 (A).
The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1998, specifically the Punjab Land Revenue (Abolition) Act, 1998, was a landmark legislation that abolished land revenue in the Province of Punjab, providing significant relief to farmers and landowners.
Options (B) The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1997, (C) The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1996, and (D) The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1995 are incorrect years. The specific legislation that abolished land revenue in Punjab was enacted in 1998.