Learners answer a conceptual MCQ individually, discuss their reasoning with peers, and then answer the same question again. The main instructional purpose is to:

Correct answer: refine conceptual reasoning through peer discussion Answering, discussing with peers, and answering again (peer instruction) is meant to refine conceptual reasoning.

• secure unrestricted consensus before marking The aim is not to force unrestricted consensus before marking.
• reward the fastest answer in each group The aim is not to reward the fastest answer.
• eliminate independent thinking before discussion Individual thinking comes first and is not removed.