Correct Answer:
B. Only one superior
Unity of command is a core principle of management, also proposed by Henri Fayol, designed to prevent confusion and ensure clear accountability within an organization.
The correct answer is B: Only one superior. This principle states that an employee should receive orders from and be accountable to only one superior. This clarity avoids conflicting instructions, reduces confusion, and ensures clear lines of authority and responsibility, thereby improving efficiency, discipline, and overall organizational effectiveness. It prevents employees from being pulled in multiple directions by different managers.
- A: Multiple supervisors directly contradicts the unity of command principle and can lead to confusion, stress, and reduced accountability.
- C: The HR department provides support and guidance but typically isn't the sole operational superior for all employees.
- D: External consultants offer advice but do not serve as direct superiors to an organization's employees.