Theory Y managers believe that employees:

Douglas McGregor's Theory Y presents an optimistic view of employees, contrasting sharply with Theory X. Theory Y managers believe that employees can exercise self-direction and creativity, viewing work as natural and potentially satisfying. They assume individuals are self-motivated, seek responsibility, and are capable of innovation and problem-solving when given the opportunity. This perspective encourages a participative management style, empowering employees and fostering a supportive work environment.

• A: Dislike work inherently and B: Need to be threatened to work are core assumptions of Theory X, not Theory Y.
• D: Prefer close monitoring contradicts the self-direction and autonomy central to Theory Y, aligning instead with Theory X's need for strict supervision.