Theory X managers assume that employees:

Douglas McGregor's Theory X describes a pessimistic view of employees, assuming they are inherently unmotivated and require strict management. Theory X managers believe employees are lazy and need strict supervision to perform their duties effectively. They assume individuals dislike work, avoid responsibility, and must be coerced or controlled to achieve organizational goals. This leads to an authoritarian management style with close monitoring and external rewards or punishments.

• A: Are self-motivated and enjoy work and C: Seek responsibility naturally are assumptions of Theory Y, which is the opposite of Theory X.
• D: Are creative problem-solvers is also a characteristic attributed to employees under Theory Y management.