PPSC Past Papers 2025

For booking railway tickets in Pakistan, the official and most reliable application is the Pakistan Railways Official app. This application is directly provided by Pakistan Railways, the national railway operator, ensuring that users have access to accurate schedules, real-time seat availability, and secure booking services. Using the official app guarantees that tickets are valid and recognized by the railway authority. Options B, 'Book Karu', C, 'Ticket Shop App', and D, 'Rail App', are generic names that do not represent the official booking platform for Pakistan Railways. While third-party apps might exist, the official app is always the authoritative source for such services.

The DASTAK app, also known as "Maryam Ki Dastak," is a significant initiative by the Punjab government aimed at enhancing citizen convenience. Its primary purpose is to deliver services at doorsteps, allowing residents to access various government services without physically visiting offices. This digital platform streamlines the process, making it more efficient and accessible.

• Option A (Track complaints) is incorrect because while it might facilitate complaint resolution, its core function is proactive service delivery.
• Option B (Digital marketplace) is false as the app is not designed for commercial transactions.
• Option D (Online banking) is also incorrect, as DASTAK is a government service delivery platform, not a financial institution.

For international remittances to Pakistan, Western Union is a widely recognized and commonly used platform. It has an extensive global network of agents, making it accessible for individuals to send and receive money across borders efficiently.

• Option A (PayPal) is generally not used for receiving international remittances by individuals in Pakistan due to service limitations.
• Option C (Google Pay) is primarily focused on domestic payments and some international transfers, but lacks the widespread remittance infrastructure of Western Union in Pakistan.
• Option D (Alipay) is mainly used for transactions within China and with Chinese businesses, not a common platform for general international remittances to Pakistan.

In Punjab, the e-Khidmat platform is specifically designed for citizens to apply for various government services, including the domicile certificate. The e-Khidmat Markaz and its associated digital portals aim to provide a one-window solution for numerous public services, simplifying the application process.

• Option A (NADRA e-Sahulat) primarily handles services related to NADRA, such as CNICs, and not provincial domicile applications.
• Option C (Pakistan Citizen Portal) is mainly for registering complaints and suggestions, not for direct service applications like domicile certificates.
• Option D (City Islamabad App) is specific to the capital territory and not applicable to the province of Punjab.

The e-Pay Punjab app was launched by the Punjab government with the primary objective of facilitating citizens in paying taxes and fees online. This digital platform allows users to conveniently pay various government levies, such as vehicle token tax, property tax, sales tax, and other provincial fees, directly from their mobile devices, promoting transparency and ease of transaction.

• Option A (Online shopping) is incorrect as the app is not an e-commerce platform.
• Option C (Social networking) is false; it is not a social media application.
• Option D (Online games) is also incorrect, as the app serves a governmental financial purpose.

The first economic war between Pakistan and India took place in 1948, shortly after their independence. This conflict arose primarily from disputes over the division of assets, trade policies, and India's refusal to release Pakistan's share of cash balances, leading to significant economic strain and trade disruptions between the newly formed nations.

• Option B (1955) is incorrect; while economic tensions persisted, the initial major conflict was earlier.
• Option C (1965) refers to a full-scale military war, which had economic repercussions but was not the first economic war itself.
• Option D (1971) also marks a major military conflict, not the inaugural economic confrontation.

The correct answer is China. China has historically been and continues to be Pakistan's largest and most reliable arms supplier. This strong defense relationship is a cornerstone of their strategic partnership, encompassing not only sales but also joint production and technology transfer. Pakistan relies heavily on Chinese military hardware for its defense needs.

• Russia, while a major global arms exporter, is not the primary supplier to Pakistan.
• The UK has supplied arms to Pakistan in the past but is not its largest current supplier.
• The US was a significant arms supplier, especially during certain periods, but geopolitical shifts and fluctuating relations have led to China becoming the dominant partner in this sector.

The correct answer is the Liaqat-Nehru Pact, also known as the Delhi Pact, signed in 1950. This agreement was crucial for addressing the issues of refugees and minorities in both India and Pakistan following the tumultuous Partition of 1947. It aimed to protect the rights of minorities and facilitate the return of refugees to their homes, ensuring their safety and property rights.

• The Tashkent Pact (1966) was signed after the 1965 Indo-Pak War.
• The Simla Agreement (1972) followed the 1971 Indo-Pak War.
• The Inter-Dominion Agreement (1947) was an earlier, broader agreement on partition issues, but the Liaqat-Nehru Pact specifically focused on refugee and minority rights.

The correct answer is 336. Following the 2018 general elections and subsequent constitutional amendments, the total number of seats in Pakistan's National Assembly was set at 336. This includes 266 general seats, 60 seats reserved for women, and 10 seats reserved for non-Muslims, all allocated based on proportional representation.

• 272 was the number of general seats before the 2018 elections, with a total of 342 seats including reserved seats.
• 342 was the total number of seats in the National Assembly before the 2018 elections.
• 372 is not the correct number of seats for Pakistan's National Assembly.

The correct answer is Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot. He served as the first Chief Minister of Punjab after the independence of Pakistan in 1947. His appointment marked a significant moment in the administrative history of the newly formed province within the independent nation.

• Feroz Khan Noon was a prominent politician who later became Prime Minister of Pakistan, but not the first Chief Minister of Punjab.
• Nawab Sadiq Hussain Qureshi served as Chief Minister of Punjab much later, in the 1970s.
• Ghulam Haider Wyne was also a political figure, but not the first Chief Minister of Punjab.

The correct answer is Control trade routes. The British annexed Punjab in 1849 after the Second Anglo-Sikh War primarily to consolidate their control over the Indian subcontinent. Punjab's strategic location provided access to crucial trade routes, particularly those leading to Central Asia and Afghanistan, which were vital for British imperial interests and security concerns regarding the Russian Empire's expansion.

• Trade with China was a British interest, but not the primary reason for annexing Punjab specifically.
• Create tourism industry and Promote cultural exchange were not motivations for military annexation.

The correct answer is 13. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, a total of 13 princely states acceded to Pakistan. These states, which had previously been under British paramountcy, had the option to join either India or Pakistan, or in some rare cases, remain independent. Their accession was a crucial step in the territorial consolidation of the new nation.

• 5, 7, and 10 are incorrect numbers. The process of accession involved several states, including Bahawalpur, Kalat, Khairpur, Las Bela, Makran, Kharan, Amb, Chitral, Dir, Hunza, Nagar, Swat, and Phulra.

The correct answer is Justice Tahira Safdar. She made history by becoming the first female Chief Justice of a High Court in Pakistan, specifically the Balochistan High Court, in 2018. This was a landmark achievement for women in the judiciary of Pakistan, breaking significant barriers.

• Justice Fatima Jinnah was a prominent political figure and sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, but not a Chief Justice.
• Justice Musarat Hilali became the first female Chief Justice of the Peshawar High Court, but after Justice Tahira Safdar.
• Justice Aalia Neelum is a judge, but not the first female Chief Justice of a High Court in Pakistan.

Foundational Concept: This question tests knowledge of fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution of Pakistan, specifically concerning legal protections.

Correct Answer:

• B: Article 10-A is the correct answer. Article 10-A, titled "Right to fair trial," was inserted into the Constitution through the 18th Amendment in 2010. It explicitly guarantees the right to a fair trial and due process in civil and criminal proceedings.

Incorrect Options:

• A: Article 10 deals with safeguards as to arrest and detention, which are related but distinct from the broader right to a fair trial.
• C: Article 19 guarantees freedom of speech, expression, and the press, which is a different fundamental right.
• D: Article 25 ensures equality of citizens, a crucial right but not specifically about fair trial and due process.

The primary function of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in models like ChatGPT is to enable computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language in a way that is both meaningful and contextually relevant. ChatGPT leverages NLP to process user input, comprehend its intent, and formulate coherent, human-like responses.

• Image recognition (A) and Video processing (C) fall under computer vision, a different field of AI.
• Hardware development (D) is related to the physical components of computing systems, not the software's linguistic capabilities.

The study of the origin and history of words is called Etymology. It traces words back to their earliest known forms, identifies their linguistic ancestors, and examines how their meanings and forms have evolved over time.

• Lexicology (A) is the study of words, their nature, meaning, history, and relation to other words, but etymology is a specific branch of it.
• Semantics (B) focuses on the meaning of words and phrases.
• Phonology (D) is the study of the sound systems of languages.

The role of META AI, and AI in general, in business is multifaceted, encompassing all the listed options. AI technologies are deployed to significantly enhance various aspects of business operations and customer interactions.

• Enhancing customer experiences (A) involves AI-powered chatbots, personalized recommendations, and improved service.
• Improving business decision-making (B) utilizes AI for data analysis, predictive modeling, and strategic insights.
• Automating tasks and processes (C) streamlines operations, reduces manual effort, and increases efficiency across departments.
• Therefore, All of these (D) accurately describes the comprehensive impact of META AI in business.

ChatGPT is built on the Transformer Architecture. This groundbreaking neural network architecture, introduced in 2017, revolutionized natural language processing by utilizing self-attention mechanisms to weigh the importance of different words in an input sequence, allowing for highly parallelized processing and superior context understanding.

• RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) (A) models process sequences sequentially, which can be slow and suffer from vanishing gradient problems.
• CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) (C) are primarily designed for image processing tasks.
• Decision Trees (D) are a simpler, non-deep learning algorithm used for classification and regression, not complex language generation.

Ketanji Brown Jackson is a distinguished American jurist who made history as the first Black woman to serve as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. She was nominated by President Joe Biden and confirmed in 2022.

• She is not a US Senator (B) or a New York Governor (C).
• Her significant role on the nation's highest court makes option (A) the correct and most precise description.

Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, is highly versatile and can be applied to a wide array of complex tasks across various domains. Its ability to learn intricate patterns from vast amounts of data makes it suitable for diverse applications.

• Image recognition (A) uses deep learning for tasks like object detection and facial recognition.
• Natural language processing (B) employs deep learning for language translation, sentiment analysis, and text generation.
• Speech recognition (C) leverages deep learning to convert spoken language into text.
• Thus, All of these (D) is the correct answer, as deep learning has revolutionized these fields.

Elias Howe is widely credited with inventing the first practical sewing machine in 1846. His machine featured a needle with an eye at the point and a shuttle operating beneath the cloth, creating a lockstitch, which was a significant improvement over previous designs.

• Thomas Saint (A) patented a design for a sewing machine in 1790, but it was likely never built or practical.
• Isaac Singer (C) made significant improvements and commercialized the sewing machine, but did not invent the first practical one.
• George Stephenson (D) was a pioneer of railways and steam locomotives, unrelated to sewing machines.

The primary cause of the deterioration, often referred to as

Foundational Concept: The question asks for the name of the Persian New Year, which is a significant cultural celebration based on the Iranian Solar Hijri calendar.

Correct Answer:

• B: Nowruz is the correct answer. Nowruz literally means "new day" and marks the spring equinox, symbolizing renewal and rebirth. It is celebrated by various ethnic communities worldwide as the beginning of the new year.

Incorrect Options:

• A: Equinox refers to the time when the sun crosses the celestial equator, making day and night of equal length. While Nowruz occurs on the spring equinox, it is not the name of the festival itself.
• C: Mehregan is another ancient Persian festival, but it celebrates the autumn equinox, not the New Year.
• D: Yalda is a Persian festival celebrating the longest night of the year, the winter solstice, and is distinct from the New Year celebration.

Foundational Concept: This question tests knowledge of major film awards, specifically the Academy Award for Best Picture in a particular year.

Correct Answer:

• C: CODA is the correct answer. The film "CODA" won the Academy Award for Best Picture at the 94th Academy Awards ceremony in 2022, recognizing films released in 2021. It tells the story of a child of deaf adults pursuing her passion for singing.

Incorrect Options:

• A: Dune won several technical Oscars in 2022 but not Best Picture.
• B: The Power of the Dog was a strong contender and nominated for Best Picture, but ultimately did not win.
• D: King Richard was also nominated for Best Picture, with Will Smith winning Best Actor, but it did not secure the top award.

Foundational Concept: This question assesses general knowledge regarding global demographic trends and population estimates.

Correct Answer:

• B: 8 Billion is the most accurate estimate for the world population as of 2025. The global population officially surpassed 8 billion in late 2022, and projections indicate it will remain around this figure, with slight increases, by 2025.

Incorrect Options:

• A: 7 Billion was the approximate world population around 2011-2012, making it significantly outdated for 2025.
• C: 8.8 Billion is a higher estimate that might be projected for a later date, such as 2030 or beyond, but not for 2025.
• D: 10.2 Billion is a much higher figure, typically projected for the mid-21st century (e.g., 2050) or later, not for 2025.