A student becomes increasingly proficient at a task primarily because repeated practice strengthens the stimulus-response connection. This illustrates the:
The law of exercise emphasizes practice strengthening connections.
The law of exercise emphasizes practice strengthening connections.
The law of readiness concerns preparedness and motivation to learn.
The microsystem includes immediate settings and people.
The mesosystem involves interactions among microsystems.
Stage 3 emphasizes gaining approval and maintaining relationships.
Stage 4 emphasizes maintaining social order.
Stage 5 is social contract and individual rights reasoning.
Stage 6 uses universal ethical principles.
The More Knowledgeable Other is anyone with greater skill or knowledge.
Private speech is self-directed speech used to regulate thought.
Inner speech is internalized self-guiding speech.
Stage 1 is punishment and obedience orientation.
Stage 2 reasoning is based on exchange and personal benefit.
Identity vs. role confusion involves exploring and committing to a self-identity.
Intimacy vs. isolation focuses on forming close relationships.
Generativity involves contributing to future generations and community.
Ego integrity vs. despair produces wisdom.
The ZPD is the gap between what a learner can do alone and with guidance.
Scaffolding provides temporary support that is gradually removed.
Industry vs. inferiority involves competence through mastering tasks.
Trust vs. mistrust produces the virtue of hope.
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt is supported by allowing independent action.
Criticism of independent attempts can produce shame and doubt.
Initiative vs. guilt concerns suppression of initiative.
Animism is attributing life or feelings to inanimate objects.