The first capital of Abbasid caliphate was:

The first capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was Kufa. After overthrowing the Umayyads, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah, the first Abbasid caliph, initially established Kufa as his seat of power. This marked the beginning of the Abbasid era.

• Baghdad became the capital later under Caliph Al-Mansur, who founded the city in 762 CE and moved the capital there, transforming it into a prominent center of learning and culture.
• Damascus was the capital of the preceding Umayyad Caliphate, not the Abbasids.
• Basra was an important city and port in Iraq but never served as the primary capital of the Abbasid Caliphate.