The Education Testing Council (ETC) was established by HEC to conduct:

Correct Answer: Standardized entry tests for universities. ETC was set up by HEC specifically to administer standardized entry tests for university admissions.

• Annual school examinations: These are handled by other boards, not ETC.
• Teacher certification exams: This is a separate function not handled by ETC.
• Vocational training assessments: These are managed by other bodies, not ETC.