According to the Constitution of Pakistan (18th Amendment, 2010), education became a:

According to the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan, passed in 2010, education was devolved from a concurrent subject to a provincial subject. Prior to this amendment, education was on the Concurrent Legislative List, meaning both federal and provincial governments could legislate on it. The 18th Amendment abolished this list, transferring numerous subjects, including education, health, and labor, entirely to the provinces. This significant constitutional change aimed to strengthen provincial autonomy and decentralize governance, allowing provinces to formulate and implement educational policies tailored to their specific needs and contexts. Consequently, provincial governments now hold primary responsibility for curriculum development, educational standards, administration, and funding of schools and colleges within their respective jurisdictions, with the federal government's role largely limited to coordination and setting broad national guidelines.