A public secondary school introduces blended learning where household internet access is intermittent. Which design most directly protects equitable participation?

Correct answer: Provide equivalent offline and low-bandwidth learning routes. Equivalent offline and low-bandwidth routes let learners with intermittent internet participate on equal terms.

• Require bandwidth-heavy live video for all learners. Bandwidth-heavy live video excludes learners with poor connections.
• Expand laboratory hours but keep all work online. Keeping all work online still depends on connectivity, whatever the laboratory hours.
• Subsidise data while retaining continuous high-resolution video. Data subsidies do not fix intermittent access, and continuous high-resolution video remains very demanding.