A charge upon or claim against land arising out of a private grant or contract is termed:

The question defines a specific legal concept in property law. An Encumbrance is the correct term for a charge upon or claim against land arising out of a private grant or contract. It represents a right or interest held by a third party that diminishes the property's value or restricts its use, such as easements, mortgages, or liens. This concept is foundational to understanding property ownership and transferability. 'Limitation' refers to restrictions or time limits, not a claim itself. 'Check' is not a relevant legal term in this context, making 'None of them' an incorrect choice.