PPSC Past Papers & Solved MCQs

The work Al-Jawahir fi Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Karim, often referred to simply as Al-Jawahir & Tafsir al-Quran, is attributed to Sheikh Tantawi Jawhari. This tafsir is notable for its scientific approach, attempting to interpret Quranic verses in light of modern scientific discoveries and natural phenomena.

• Sheikh Tantawi (Jawhari) is the author of this distinctive scientific tafsir.
• Mullah Jwan is a scholar, but not associated with this specific tafsir.
• Al-Suyuti was a classical scholar known for many works, but not Al-Jawahir.
• Al-Qurtabi (Imam al-Qurtubi) authored the classical Tafsir al-Qurtubi, which is a different work focusing on legal rulings.

Hazrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz (RA) is widely known as the fifth pious Caliph of Islam. Despite being an Umayyad ruler, his reign was characterized by justice, piety, and reforms that closely emulated the principles of the first four Rightly Guided Caliphs, earning him this esteemed title.

• Hazrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz (RA) is the correct answer, recognized for his exemplary leadership and adherence to Islamic values.
• Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (RA) was a revered companion and son of the second Caliph, but not a Caliph himself.
• Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (RA) was the second Rightly Guided Caliph, not the fifth.
• Hazrat Hussain bin Ali (RA) was the grandson of the Prophet, a revered figure, but not referred to as the fifth pious Caliph.

The incident referred to as Fateh Mubeen (Clear Victory) in the Holy Quran (Surah Al-Fath, 48:1) is the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. Although it initially appeared to be a disadvantageous agreement for the Muslims, it proved to be a pivotal moment that led to peace, increased conversions to Islam, and ultimately paved the way for the peaceful conquest of Makkah. The Quran highlights its strategic importance as a clear triumph.

• Battle of Hirah is not mentioned as Fateh Mubeen.
• Battle of Miraj is incorrect; Miraj refers to the Prophet's ascension, not a battle.
• While the Conquest of Makkah was a significant victory, the Quran specifically designates the Treaty of Hudaibiyah as the 'clear victory' that facilitated it.

The present order of the Surahs (chapters) and Ayats (verses) in the Holy Quran is known as Toufiqui (or Tawqifi). This means that the arrangement is divinely ordained and was established by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) under the direct instruction of Allah, not based on human discretion or chronological revelation.

• Tanzil refers to the revelation of the Quran itself, not its arrangement.
• Tartil refers to the proper and melodious recitation of the Quran.
• Nuzuli refers to the chronological order in which the verses and chapters were revealed, which differs from the current arrangement in the Mushaf.

The most primary source of Seerah (the biography of Prophet Muhammad PBUH) is the work of Ibn Ishaq. His comprehensive work, 'Sirat Rasul Allah' (The Life of the Messenger of God), is the earliest and most detailed account available. Although the original manuscript is lost, it was preserved and transmitted by later scholars, most notably Ibn Hisham, who edited and abridged it.

• Zad al-Maad is a later work by Ibn al-Qayyim, not a primary source.
• Ibn Hisham is crucial for preserving and transmitting Ibn Ishaq's work, but Ibn Ishaq is the original primary author.
• Insan al-Uyun is also a later biographical work by Ali ibn Burhanuddin al-Halabi.

The divorce in which the husband loses the right to Ruju (reconciliation or revocation of divorce) is called Talaq Bain (irrevocable divorce). In this type of divorce, the marriage is completely dissolved, and if the couple wishes to remarry, a new marriage contract (Nikah) is required. The husband cannot unilaterally take his wife back during the waiting period (iddah).

• Raji (revocable divorce) allows the husband to revoke the divorce during the iddah without a new marriage contract.
• Ahsan refers to a recommended method of giving a revocable divorce, involving a single pronouncement during a period of purity.
• Bidat refers to an innovated or irregular form of divorce, often involving three pronouncements at once, which is generally considered sinful but effective.

In Islamic business, when one person invests capital and another offers their services and expertise, this partnership is known as Mudarabah. The capital provider (Rabb-ul-Maal) bears the financial risk, while the working partner (Mudarib) contributes labor and management. Profits are shared according to a pre-agreed ratio, and any losses are typically borne by the capital provider, unless caused by the Mudarib's negligence or misconduct.

• Musharakah is a partnership where all partners contribute both capital and labor, sharing profits and losses.
• Riba refers to interest or usury, which is prohibited in Islamic finance.
• Salam is a contract where payment is made in advance for goods to be delivered at a future date.

The subject dealing with inheritance in Islam is known as Al-Mirath. This term specifically refers to the Islamic law of inheritance, which outlines the distribution of a deceased person's estate among their heirs according to Quranic injunctions and Sunnah.

• Al-Mirath is the correct term for the entire subject of inheritance law.
• Al-Turath is a general term for heritage or legacy, not the specific legal discipline.
• Al-Wajibat refers to duties or obligations, which is unrelated to inheritance as a subject.
• Al-Faraid refers to the fixed shares of inheritance, which is a component of Al-Mirath, but not the overarching subject itself.

The first widely recognized written collection of Hadith is Al-Muatta. Compiled by Imam Malik ibn Anas in the 8th century, it served as a foundational text for Islamic jurisprudence and Hadith studies, containing both Hadith and the opinions of the people of Madinah.

• Al-Muatta is historically acknowledged as the earliest comprehensive Hadith compilation.
• Al-Muslim (Sahih Muslim) and Al-Bukhari (Sahih al-Bukhari) are later, highly authoritative, and more extensive collections, but not the first.
• Al-Nawawi was a prominent scholar who compiled Hadith collections like Riyad as-Salihin, but he lived centuries after Imam Malik and did not produce the first collection.

The author of the famous commentary Fath al-Bari on Sahih Bukhari is Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. His work is considered one of the most comprehensive and authoritative explanations of Imam Bukhari's Hadith collection, revered for its depth and scholarly rigor.

• Ibn Hajar is universally recognized as the author of Fath al-Bari.
• Al-Aini authored another significant commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari called Umdat al-Qari.
• Al-Qastalani wrote Irshad al-Sari, another notable commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari.
• Al-Suyuti was a prolific scholar with numerous works, but Fath al-Bari is not attributed to him.

Sindh Madrassa-tul-Islam was a pivotal educational institution founded in 1885 in Karachi by Hassanally Effendi. It played a crucial role in the educational upliftment of Muslims in the Sindh region, providing modern education alongside religious teachings. Option A is correct as it accurately identifies both the year and the city of its establishment. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they either misstate the founding year or the city. For instance, 1890 and 1895 are incorrect years, and Lahore was not the city where this specific madrassa was founded.