Correct Answer:
C. Ashoka the Great
The correct answer is Ashoka the Great. Ashoka, a powerful emperor of the Mauryan Dynasty, initially pursued military expansion. However, after witnessing the immense suffering and destruction caused by the Kalinga War, he experienced a profound change of heart. He converted to Buddhism and became a devout patron, promoting its spread throughout his vast empire and beyond through rock edicts and missionary efforts, transforming it into a major world religion.
- Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka's grandfather, founded the Mauryan Empire and was associated with Jainism in his later life.
- Samudragupta was a powerful Gupta emperor, known for his patronage of Hinduism.
- Harshavardhana was a later emperor (7th century CE) who also patronized Buddhism, but Ashoka's conversion is the most famous and impactful in Indian history.