The molten or semi-molten rock material found beneath the surface of the Earth is called:

The correct answer is Magma. Magma is the molten or semi-molten rock material that exists beneath the Earth's surface. It is typically found in the Earth's mantle and lower crust, containing dissolved gases and solid crystals. When magma rises and erupts onto the surface, it undergoes a name change.

• Lava is the term used for molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface, flowing out of volcanoes or fissures.
• Granite is a common type of intrusive igneous rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies slowly beneath the Earth's surface. It is the cooled product, not the molten material.
• Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock that forms when lava cools rapidly on the Earth's surface. It is also a cooled product, not the molten material itself.