Correct Answer:
D. 13 years
The Makkan period, which began with the first revelation to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), lasted for 13 years. This foundational period was characterized by the initial call to Islam, the establishment of monotheism, and significant persecution faced by the early Muslims. It concluded with the Hijra (migration) to Madinah, marking a pivotal shift in the development of the Islamic community.
- The options of 10 years, 11 years, and 12 years are incorrect durations for this crucial phase of the Prophet's mission. The precise duration of 13 years is historically established and marks the period from the first revelation until the migration to Madinah.