Correct Answer:
C. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
The question asks about the second staunch supporter of the Two-Nation Theory. The Two-Nation Theory posits that Muslims and Hindus are two separate nations, making it imperative for Muslims to have a separate homeland. The correct answer is Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.
- While Allama Iqbal (option A) is widely recognized for articulating the idea of a separate Muslim state in his 1930 Allahabad Address, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (option C) is considered one of the earliest proponents of the distinct identity of Muslims in British India.
- Sir Syed, in the late 19th century, observed the cultural and political differences between Hindus and Muslims, concluding they were separate nations. His views predated Iqbal's more explicit political demand.
- A.K. Fazal-ul-Haq (option B) was a prominent political leader but not a foundational theorist of the Two-Nation Theory. Nehru (option D) was a leader of the Indian National Congress and opposed the theory.