Correct Answer:
D. MoE / NCC
Before the 18th Constitutional Amendment in 2010, education was primarily a federal subject in Pakistan, meaning the central government held significant control over educational policies and curriculum development. The main federal body responsible for curriculum review during this period was the Ministry of Education (MoE), which housed the National Curriculum Council (NCC). The NCC was specifically tasked with developing, reviewing, and standardizing curricula across the nation to ensure uniformity in educational content.
- HEC (Higher Education Commission) was established in 2002 to regulate and fund higher education institutions, not school-level curriculum.
- PEC (Punjab Examination Commission) is a provincial body focused on examinations within Punjab, not federal curriculum review.
- BISE (Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education) are regional boards responsible for conducting examinations and certifying students at the secondary and intermediate levels, not federal curriculum development.