Getting information into memory is called ________; getting information out of memory is called:

The correct answer is Encoding; retrieval. In the three-stage model of memory, encoding is the initial process of transforming sensory information into a form that can be stored in memory. This is analogous to typing information into a computer. Once encoded, the information is then maintained over time through storage, which is the retention of encoded information. Finally, retrieval is the process of locating and accessing that stored information when it is needed, much like opening a file on a computer. Option A incorrectly pairs storage with the input process. Option B incorrectly pairs encoding with storage as the output process, and Option D reverses the correct order and misidentifies the processes. Understanding these distinct stages—encoding, storage, and retrieval—is fundamental to comprehending how memory functions.