Correct Answer:
A. Taiwan
Tsai Ing-wen served as the President of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, from 2016 to 2024. She was the first female president of Taiwan and a prominent figure in its democratic political landscape. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Singapore is led by a Prime Minister, not a President with the same executive role as in Taiwan. South Korea has its own President, currently Yoon Suk-yeol. Vietnam is a socialist republic led by a President and Prime Minister, neither of whom is Tsai Ing-wen.