Which COP is associated with the establishment of the Loss and Damage Fund arrangements?

Correct answer: COP27. COP27, held in Sharm el-Sheikh in 2022, agreed to establish new funding arrangements, including a dedicated fund for loss and damage.

Background: The arrangements were operationalised at COP28.

• COP24: COP24 (Katowice, 2018) adopted the Paris Agreement rulebook.
• COP25: COP25 (Madrid, 2019) is linked to the Santiago Network on loss and damage, not the fund.
• COP30: COP30 (Belém, 2025) came years after the fund was agreed.

Did you know? The fund helps vulnerable developing countries facing economic and non-economic losses from climate change.

Memory trick: 27 = Fund agreed, 28 = Fund operational.