Correct Answer:
B. Star
Network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of connected devices in a network. Different topologies have distinct characteristics regarding how devices are interconnected and how data flows.
- The Star topology is the correct answer because it inherently requires a central device, such as a hub, switch, or router, to which all other network devices are individually connected. Data from one device must pass through this central controller to reach any other device on the network. This design simplifies troubleshooting and isolates network problems, as a failure in one cable only affects the connected device, not the entire network. However, the central device becomes a single point of failure.
- Mesh topology is incorrect. In a mesh topology, every device is connected directly to every other device, creating multiple redundant paths. It does not rely on a central controller.
- Bus topology is incorrect. A bus topology connects all devices to a single shared communication line (the 'bus'). It uses terminators at each end and does not require a central hub.
- Ring topology is incorrect. In a ring topology, devices are connected in a circular fashion, with data flowing in one direction around the ring. There is no central controller.