Correct answer: 1991. The National Highway Authority (NHA) was established in 1991.
Background: It plans, builds, and maintains the national highways and motorways.
Did you know? Its headquarters is in Islamabad.
Memory trick: NHA = 1991.
Correct answer: Tubewell. Groundwater extracted via tubewells supplies the majority of agricultural water requirement in Punjab, surpassing canal irrigation volume during critical crop seasons.
Background: While canals form the primary surface network, private and public tubewells account for over 50-60% of water applied at the farm gate.
Did you know? Over 1 million tubewells operate across Punjab.
Memory trick: Groundwater extraction = Tubewells.
Correct answer: Cash crop. Cotton is a cash crop, meaning it is grown to be sold rather than eaten.
Background: Pakistan is among the world’s largest cotton producers.
Did you know? Cotton is often called “white gold”.
Memory trick: Cotton = cash crop.
Correct answer: Ravi. The Ravi is the most polluted river because of industrial and sewage waste, especially around Lahore.
Background: The Ravi flows past Lahore, one of Pakistan’s largest industrial cities.
Did you know? Much of the Ravi’s flow comes from drains and wastewater.
Memory trick: Ravi + Lahore factories.
Correct answer: Durand Line. The Durand Line marks the Pakistan–Afghanistan border and was agreed in 1893.
Background: It is named after Sir Mortimer Durand, who agreed it with Amir Abdur Rahman Khan.
Did you know? It is about 2,640 km long, and Afghanistan has not formally accepted it.
Memory trick: Durand = Afghan border.
Correct answer: Congress. The Congress accepted Lord Mountbatten as Governor-General of India; the Muslim League did not accept a joint Governor-General.
Background: Mountbatten had hoped to be Governor-General of both dominions.
Did you know? Jinnah took the post of Governor-General of Pakistan himself.
Memory trick: Jinnah refused; Congress accepted.
Correct answer: Sir Syed. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan wrote Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind in 1859 about the causes of the 1857 revolt.
Background: Sir Syed argued that the British had failed to understand Indian opinion.
Did you know? He also wrote “The Loyal Mohammadans of India”.
Memory trick: Asbab-e-Baghawat = Sir Syed.
Correct answer: George VI. George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952, so he was king at the time of partition in 1947.
Background: He was the last Emperor of India until the title was dropped in 1948.
Did you know? He was the father of Queen Elizabeth II.
Memory trick: 1947 → George VI.
Correct answer: 3. Three Round Table Conferences were held in London, in 1930, 1931, and 1932.
Background: They were called to discuss India’s constitutional future after the Simon Commission.
Did you know? The Congress took part only in the second conference (Gandhi, 1931).
Memory trick: RTCs: 1930, 1931, 1932 = 3.
Correct answer: Camel. The camel is called the ship of the desert because it can cross vast sandy areas for long periods.
Background: A camel stores fat in its hump and can go long periods without water.
Did you know? A dromedary has one hump and a Bactrian camel has two.
Memory trick: Desert ship = camel.
Correct answer: Asia. Asia is the largest continent, covering about 30% of the Earth’s land area.
Background: Asia is also home to the most people, more than half of the world’s population.
Did you know? Mount Everest, the highest mountain, is in Asia.
Memory trick: Asia = biggest; Australia = smallest.
Correct answer: Vatican City. The Pope leads the Catholic Church from Vatican City, the seat of the Holy See.
Background: Vatican City is an independent state inside Rome.
Did you know? It is the smallest country in the world by area.
Memory trick: Pope lives in the Vatican.
Correct answer: Citius, Altius, Fortius. The original Olympic motto is “Citius, Altius, Fortius” (Faster, Higher, Stronger).
Background: In July 2021 the IOC added “Communiter” (“Together”), making the full motto “Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communiter”.
Did you know? The IOC was founded on 23 June 1894 and is based in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Memory trick: C-A-F: Citius, Altius, Fortius.
Correct answer: United States. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) data, the United States maintained its position as the world's leading producer of crude oil (averaging over 13 million barrels per day).
Background: US hydraulic fracturing and shale development boosted total output past Russia and Saudi Arabia.
Did you know? The US became the top crude oil producer starting around 2018.
Memory trick: Top crude oil producer = United States.
Correct answer: Kyiv. Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine.
Background: Kyiv is the Ukrainian spelling and is now commonly used instead of “Kiev”.
Did you know? It lies on the Dnieper River.
Memory trick: Kyiv = capital, Kharkiv = second city.
Correct answer: Washington. Washington, D.C. (District of Columbia) is the capital of the United States.
Background: The capital is named after George Washington.
Did you know? Washington, D.C. is not part of any US state.
Memory trick: D.C. = District of Columbia.
Correct answer: Militant group in Yemen. The Houthis (Ansar Allah) are an armed movement from northern Yemen that controls the capital Sanaa.
Background: They took control of Sanaa in 2014, which began Yemen’s ongoing conflict.
Did you know? Since late 2023 they have attacked ships in the Red Sea.
Memory trick: Houthi → Yemen.
Correct answer: 11. Each field hockey team has 11 players on the field, including the goalkeeper.
Background: Substitutions are allowed in hockey, so squads are larger than 11.
Did you know? Pakistan is a four-time Hockey World Cup winner.
Memory trick: Hockey = 11, like football.
Correct answer: Afghanistan. Al-Qaeda was formed around 1988 in Afghanistan (and neighbouring Pakistan) by Osama bin Laden and others during the Soviet–Afghan war.
Background: The group grew out of the network that supported the fight against the Soviet Union.
Did you know? “Al-Qaeda” means “the base”.
Memory trick: Al-Qaeda: born in the Afghan war.
Correct answer: Germany. Germany is not a member; the Five Eyes are the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Background: Germany is a close ally of the Five Eyes countries but is not part of the intelligence-sharing alliance.
Did you know? All five members are English-speaking countries.
Memory trick: Eyes: US, UK, CA, AU, NZ.
Correct answer: Five Eyes. The “Five Eyes” alliance shares signals and other intelligence among the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Background: Its roots go back to the 1946 UKUSA Agreement.
Did you know? The name comes from documents marked “AUS/CAN/NZ/UK/US EYES ONLY”.
Memory trick: Five countries = Five Eyes.
Correct answer: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan attended as chief guest at the commissioning of PNS Khaibar at Istanbul Naval Shipyard.
Background: Under the 2018 defense deal, Turkey built MILGEM Babur-class corvettes for the Pakistan Navy.
Did you know? MILGEM is derived from 'Milli Gemi' (National Ship program in Turkey).
Memory trick: MILGEM ceremony in Turkey → President Erdoğan.
درست جواب: گھن۔ مثل ہے: “گیہوں کے ساتھ گھن بھی پس جاتا ہے”، یعنی گناہگار کے ساتھ بے گناہ بھی مصیبت میں آ جاتا ہے۔
پس منظر: گھن ایک کیڑا ہے جو اناج کو کھا جاتا ہے۔
کیا آپ جانتے ہیں؟ یہ مثل اس وقت بولی جاتی ہے جب بے قصور شخص بھی سزا میں شامل ہو جائے۔
یاد رکھنے کی ترکیب: گیہوں + گھن = بے قصور بھی پس جائے۔
درست جواب: کنیت۔ جو نام رشتے کی نسبت (ابو، ام، ابن) سے رکھا جائے اسے کنیت کہتے ہیں، جیسے ابوالکلام۔
پس منظر: عربی میں کنیت عام ہے، جیسے ابو بکر۔
کیا آپ جانتے ہیں؟ کنیت، تخلص، لقب اور خطاب اردو میں ناموں کی اہم اقسام ہیں۔
یاد رکھنے کی ترکیب: کنیت = ابو/ام کی نسبت۔