Correct answer: Pakistan. Nanga Parbat is in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

Background: It is 8,126 m high, the ninth-highest mountain in the world.

• India: It is not in India.
• Nepal: It is not in Nepal.
• China: It is not in China.

Did you know? It is nicknamed “Killer Mountain”.

Memory trick: Nanga Parbat = Pakistan (Diamer).

Correct answer: Karakoram. K2 lies in the Karakoram Range in Gilgit-Baltistan.

Background: K2 is 8,611 m high, the second-highest mountain in the world.

• Himalaya: Mount Everest, not K2, is in the Himalaya.
• Hindukush: The Hindu Kush range is to the west.
• Andes: The Andes are in South America.

Did you know? It is nicknamed the “Savage Mountain”.

Memory trick: K2 = Karakoram.

Correct answer: Upper & Lower plains. The Indus plain is divided into the Upper Indus Plain (Punjab) and the Lower Indus Plain (Sindh).

Background: The two parts are separated roughly near Mithankot, where the Panjnad joins the Indus.

• East & West plains: “East & West plains” is not the standard division.
• North & East Delta: “North & East Delta” is not the standard division.
• Lower Desert plains: “Lower Desert plains” is not the standard division.

Did you know? The Lower Indus Plain ends in the Indus Delta.

Memory trick: Indus = Upper + Lower.

Correct answer: 2nd. Gwadar is described as the second monument of Pakistan–China friendship, after the Karakoram Highway.

Background: The Karakoram Highway is considered the first great symbol of the friendship.

• 4th: Fourth is not the usual ranking.
• 5th: Fifth is not the usual ranking.
• 6th: Sixth is not the usual ranking.

Did you know? Gwadar is the flagship port of CPEC.

Memory trick: 1st KKH, 2nd Gwadar.

Correct answer: Quaid-e-Azam. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah led the Muslim League in accepting the Cabinet Mission Plan on 6 June 1946.

Background: The plan proposed a loose united India with three groups of provinces.

• Allama Iqbal: Allama Iqbal died in 1938.
• Sir Syed: Sir Syed died in 1898.
• Liaqat Ali: Liaqat Ali Khan was a League leader but the acceptance was announced by Jinnah.

Did you know? Jinnah withdrew the acceptance in July 1946 after statements by Congress leaders.

Memory trick: Cabinet Mission 1946 → Jinnah accepts.

Correct answer: Pakistan. Pakistan became the first Muslim country with nuclear weapons after its tests in May 1998.

Background: The tests were carried out at Chagai on 28 and 30 May 1998.

• Turkey: Turkey does not have nuclear weapons.
• Iran: Iran does not have nuclear weapons.
• Egypt: Egypt does not have nuclear weapons.

Did you know? 28 May is observed as Youm-e-Takbeer.

Memory trick: First Muslim nuclear power = Pakistan.

Correct answer: 50% overall. Under the updated 2021 NDC pledge for 2030, Pakistan committed to a 50% overall reduction in projected GHG emissions (15% using national resources unconditionally, and 35% conditional upon international financial support).

Background: NDCs are climate action plans submitted under the 2015 Paris Agreement.

• 60% / 70% / 80%: Exceed the target specified in the 2021 NDC framework.

Did you know? Pakistan contributes less than 1% to global greenhouse gas emissions yet remains highly vulnerable to climate change.

Memory trick: 2021 NDC = 50% by 2030 (15% self + 35% help).

Correct answer: Karachi. Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan, with about 20 million people in the 2023 census.

Background: Karachi is also Pakistan’s main port and commercial hub.

• Lahore: Lahore is the second-largest city.
• Rawalpindi: Rawalpindi is smaller.
• Peshawar: Peshawar is smaller.

Did you know? It was Pakistan’s first capital.

Memory trick: Largest = Karachi.

Correct answer: 1953. Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra presented the Bogra Formula in 1953.

Background: It proposed a two-house legislature, with equal representation of the two wings.

• 1951: 1951 is not the year.
• 1954: 1954 is not the year.
• 1955: 1955 is not the year.

Did you know? It was an attempt to settle the constitutional deadlock.

Memory trick: Bogra = 1953.

Correct answer: Lahore. The Badshahi Mosque stands in Lahore and was built by Emperor Aurangzeb in 1673.

Background: It was built opposite the Lahore Fort.

• Agra: Agra is known for the Taj Mahal.
• Peshawar: Peshawar is known for Mahabat Khan Mosque.
• Thatta: Thatta is known for Shah Jahan Mosque.

Did you know? For about 300 years it was the largest mosque in the world by capacity.

Memory trick: Badshahi = Aurangzeb = Lahore.

Correct answer: Quaid-e-Azam. Muhammad Ali Jinnah resigned from the Imperial Legislative Council in March 1919 in protest against the Rowlatt Act.

Background: The Rowlatt Act allowed detention without trial.

• Allama Iqbal: Allama Iqbal was not a member of the Council at that time.
• Liaqat Ali: Liaqat Ali Khan was not a member of the Council at that time.
• Sikandar Hayat: Sikandar Hayat was not a member of the Council at that time.

Did you know? The Jallianwala Bagh massacre followed on 13 April 1919.

Memory trick: Rowlatt 1919 → Jinnah resigns.

Correct answer: Islamabad. The shrine of Bari Imam (Shah Abdul Latif Kazmi) is at Noorpur Shahan in Islamabad.

Background: Bari Imam is regarded as the patron saint of Islamabad.

• Lahore: Lahore is known for Data Darbar.
• Karachi: Karachi is known for Abdullah Shah Ghazi’s shrine.
• Multan: Multan is known for the shrines of Bahauddin Zakariya and Shah Rukn-e-Alam.

Did you know? His Urs draws large crowds every year.

Memory trick: Bari Imam = Islamabad.