ppsc past paper assistant director General cader PHED / Municipal officer Local Govt 2025

The question pertains to the marriage of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in the fifth year of Hijra. The Prophet (PBUH) married Hazrat Zainab bint Jahsh (R.A.) in the 5th year of Hijra. This marriage was divinely ordained and addressed a significant social custom of the time regarding adopted sons, as Zainab (R.A.) was previously married to Zayd ibn Harithah, the Prophet's adopted son.

• Option B (حضرت زینب بنت جحشؓ) is correct as her marriage to the Prophet (PBUH) took place in the 5th year of Hijra.
• Options A (حضرت صفیہؓ), C (حضرت جویریہؓ), and D (حضرت ام سلمہؓ) were also Mothers of the Believers, but their marriages to the Prophet (PBUH) occurred in different years. Hazrat Umm Salamah (R.A.) was married in the 4th year of Hijra, while Hazrat Safiyyah (R.A.) and Hazrat Juwayriyah (R.A.) were married later.

When reporting commands or prohibitions, the structure changes from direct imperative to an infinitive phrase, often preceded by a reporting verb that reflects the nature of the command.

• Correct Option (C): "He ordered not to sleep." For negative commands, "not to" + infinitive is the correct structure. "Ordered" is an appropriate reporting verb for a direct command like "Don't sleep."
• Distractor (A): "He advised to not sleep." The placement of "not" is incorrect; it should be "not to sleep."
• Distractor (B): "He said to not sleep." "Said" is too neutral for a command, and "to not sleep" is grammatically awkward.
• Distractor (D): "He instructed not to sleep." While "instructed" is plausible, "ordered" often conveys a stronger, more direct command, fitting the imperative "Don't sleep" more precisely.

The question asks about the number of chapters in Shaukat Siddiqui's renowned Urdu novel, "Khuda Ki Basti." This novel is a classic of Urdu literature, known for its social commentary and realistic portrayal of society. The novel "Khuda Ki Basti" consists of 21 chapters.

• Option B (21) is correct, accurately stating the number of chapters in this famous work.
• Options A (11), C (31), and D (41) are incorrect. Knowing the structural details of prominent literary works is part of literary knowledge.

This question delves into the terminology of Urdu/Arabic rhetoric, specifically figures of speech related to comparison.

• Correct Option (A): تشبیہ (Tashbeeh) is the literary term for simile. It involves comparing one thing to another based on a shared quality, where the comparison is explicitly stated using words like "like" or "as." The question precisely describes Tashbeeh: comparing something to a clearer thing based on a common attribute.
• Distractor (B): استعاره (Ista'ara) is metaphor, a stronger comparison where one thing is directly identified with another, implying the comparison without explicit comparison words.
• Distractor (C): کتابه (Kinaya) refers to metonymy or allusion, where something is referred to indirectly by mentioning an attribute or something associated with it, rather than a direct comparison.
• Distractor (D): "null" is not a valid literary term.

The question asks for the term used to describe a handwritten manuscript, document, or an unpublished book. In Urdu, the specific term for such an item is "مخطوطہ." This word refers to any text written by hand, especially before the advent of printing, or a document that has not yet been published.

• Option C (مخطوطہ) is correct, as it precisely translates to 'manuscript' and fits the description.
• Option A (کتاب) means a 'book,' typically implying a published one.
• Option B (رسالہ) means a 'magazine' or a 'treatise.'
• Option D (دستاویز) means a 'document,' which is broader but doesn't specifically convey the 'handwritten' or 'unpublished book' aspect as accurately as 'مخطوطہ.'

The correct answer is for. The phrase "do for" in this context means "to serve as" or "to be sufficient for a particular purpose." So, "The piece of cloth will do for a turban" means the cloth is suitable or sufficient to be made into a turban. Options A ("to"), C ("by"), and D ("with") are incorrect because they do not form a grammatically correct or contextually meaningful phrasal verb in this sentence. "Do to" implies an action performed on something, "do by" implies treatment, and "do with" implies handling or managing.

The idiom "یوسف ہے کارواں سے" (Yusuf hai karwan se) originates from the Quranic story of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph), who was separated from his brothers and left alone in a well, away from his caravan. This phrase metaphorically signifies being isolated or left alone by one's group or companions.

• Correct Option C: اکیلا ہونا (Being alone) is accurate because it directly reflects the core meaning of the idiom, emphasizing separation and solitude.
• Option A: کسی کا بہادر ہونا (Someone being brave) is incorrect as the idiom does not convey bravery.
• Option B: کسی کا بے حد خوش ہونا (Someone being extremely happy) is false; the context is one of abandonment, not joy.
• Option D: کسی کا کامیاب ہونا (Someone being successful) is incorrect; while Yusuf eventually achieved success, the idiom itself refers to his initial state of isolation.

Upon the partition of British India in 1947, the assets of the British Indian Army were divided between the newly independent states of India and Pakistan. Pakistan's share of these assets was determined to be 36%, while India received the remaining 64%. This division was a complex process, often contentious, and based on various factors including population and strategic considerations. Options A, C, and D represent incorrect percentages for Pakistan's allocated share of the military assets.

The invention of the lightning rod is a significant milestone in the history of electricity and practical science. Benjamin Franklin is widely credited with inventing the lightning rod in the mid-18th century, following his extensive experiments with electricity, including his famous kite experiment. His invention provided a crucial means of protecting buildings from the destructive power of lightning strikes.

• Thomas Edison is known for the practical incandescent light bulb.
• Nikola Tesla made significant contributions to alternating current (AC) electrical systems.
• Michael Faraday is renowned for his work on electromagnetism and electrochemistry.

F5, F6, F7 are examples of function keys. Function keys (F1 through F12) are dedicated keys on a keyboard that perform specific tasks depending on the active program or operating system context.

• Ctrl+Alt+Del is a key combination used for system-level commands, such as opening Task Manager, not a single function key.
• Shift+F10 is also a key combination, often used to open the context menu (similar to a right-click).
• Tab+1 is not a standard or recognized function key or key combination.

The correct answer is Lord Linlithgow. He served as Viceroy of India from 1936 to 1943, making his tenure the longest among all Viceroys, spanning seven crucial years during World War II and significant political developments in India. His long term saw the passage of the Government of India Act 1935 and the Quit India Movement.

• Lord Harding served from 1910-1916.
• Lord Mayo served from 1869-1872.
• Lord Wavell served from 1943-1947.

These other Viceroys had significantly shorter tenures compared to Lord Linlithgow.

In meteorology, a decrease in atmospheric pressure is typically indicative of an approaching low-pressure system. Low-pressure systems are characterized by rising air, which cools as it ascends. This cooling causes water vapor to condense, forming clouds and often leading to precipitation. Therefore, a decrease in atmospheric pressure can cause Rain.

• Intense conditions is too vague; while low pressure can lead to severe weather, rain is a specific outcome.
• Wind is caused by differences in pressure (pressure gradients), not solely by a decrease in pressure.
• Pleasant conditions are generally associated with high-pressure systems, where air descends and prevents cloud formation.

In PowerPoint, the Design tab is used to apply the same design, including themes, colors, fonts, and background styles, to all slides in a presentation. This ensures a consistent visual appearance throughout your slideshow.

• The Transition tab is used to add visual effects that occur when moving from one slide to the next.
• The Animation tab is used to add motion effects to individual objects (text, images) on a slide.
• "Template tab" is not a standard tab in PowerPoint; templates are typically accessed through the File menu or applied via the Design tab.

The correct answer is General Douglas Gracey. In October 1947, Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah ordered General Gracey, then acting Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, to send troops into Kashmir. Gracey refused to obey this direct command without the approval of the Supreme Commander, Field Marshal Auchinleck, who advised against it to prevent a wider war between India and Pakistan. This refusal was a critical moment in the Kashmir conflict.

• Sardar Patel was an Indian leader and not under Jinnah's command.
• Frank Messervy was the first Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, but Gracey was acting C-in-C at the time of the incident.
• Mountbatten was the Governor-General of India and not subject to Jinnah's military commands.

When a ball is thrown vertically upward, it is constantly decelerating due to the force of gravity acting downwards. As it travels upwards, its speed decreases. At the very peak of its trajectory, just for an instant before it begins to fall back down, its instantaneous vertical velocity is Zero. This is the turning point where its direction of motion reverses.

• Constant velocity would imply no acceleration, which is incorrect under gravity.
• Maximum velocity occurs at the moment it is thrown, not at the highest point.
• Minimum velocity is indeed zero, but 'zero' is the precise value at the highest point.

To effectively move text, images, and objects within a PowerPoint slide, you should use Animation. Animations are visual effects applied to individual elements on a slide, controlling how they appear, emphasize, or exit during a presentation.

• Theme refers to the overall design and aesthetic of the entire presentation, not the movement of individual objects.
• Template is a pre-designed presentation structure that includes themes, layouts, and sometimes content placeholders.
• Transition refers to the visual effect that occurs when moving from one slide to the next, affecting the entire slide, not individual objects within it.

The correct answer is All of these. In political science and constitutional law, the term 'State' refers to the entire apparatus of governance within a defined territory. This comprehensively includes the central or Federal Government, which handles national affairs; the Provincial Government (or state government in other federations), which manages regional matters; and the Parliament, which is the legislative body responsible for making laws. Therefore, the State encompasses all these components working together to govern the nation.

A generator is a device that converts one form of energy into electrical energy based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Specifically, a generator requires an input of Mechanical energy to rotate coils of wire within a magnetic field. This rotation induces an electric current, thereby transforming the mechanical motion into electrical power.

• Heat energy is often an intermediate step (e.g., burning fuel to create steam to turn a turbine), but the generator itself performs the mechanical-to-electrical conversion.
• Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy in batteries.
• Solar energy is converted by photovoltaic cells (solar panels) directly into electrical energy, or indirectly via thermal processes that still drive a mechanical turbine.

In Excel, a formula is a sequence of values, cell references, functions, or operators that produces a new value. To signal to Excel that you are entering a formula, it must always begin with an equals sign (=). This foundational concept allows Excel to differentiate between plain text or numbers and a calculation it needs to perform.

• A. = (Correct): The equals sign is the universal indicator for a formula in Excel.
• B. + (False): While you can start a formula with a plus sign, Excel automatically converts it to an equals sign, making '=' the fundamental starting symbol.
• C. - (False): Similar to '+', starting with a minus sign will also be converted to '=' by Excel, indicating a negative value or subtraction within a formula.
• D. / (False): The forward slash is an arithmetic operator for division and cannot initiate a formula on its own.

The correct answer is Achhoots/Untouchables. The Poona Pact, signed in 1932, was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar concerning the electoral representation of the 'Depressed Classes' (also known as Achhoots or Untouchables) in British India. It replaced the separate electorates for the Depressed Classes, as proposed by the British Communal Award, with reserved seats within the general electorate in provincial legislatures. This ensured their representation while maintaining a unified Hindu electorate.

• The pact was not primarily for Muslims or Sikhs, who had their own separate electoral arrangements.
• Brahman refers to a specific caste and was not the focus of this pact, which aimed to uplift the marginalized.

The human digestive process begins in the mouth, where salivary glands produce saliva containing enzymes crucial for initial food breakdown. The correct enzyme produced by salivary glands is Ptyalin, also known as salivary amylase. This enzyme is responsible for initiating the digestion of complex carbohydrates (starches) into simpler sugars.

• Pepsin is an enzyme produced in the stomach, where it plays a vital role in protein digestion.
• Trypsin is produced by the pancreas and functions in the small intestine to further break down proteins.
• Therefore, 'None' is incorrect as Ptyalin is indeed produced by salivary glands.

Microsoft Word organizes its features into various tabs, each dedicated to specific functionalities. For academic and professional documents, managing sources and citations is crucial. The References tab is specifically designed for these tasks, providing tools to streamline the process.

• A. Insert (False): The Insert tab is used for adding objects like pictures, tables, shapes, headers, footers, and page numbers.
• B. Design (False): The Design tab focuses on document formatting, themes, watermarks, page borders, and document styling.
• C. References (Correct): This tab contains all the necessary tools for adding citations, creating bibliographies, inserting footnotes, endnotes, and generating a table of contents.
• D. Home (False): The Home tab provides basic editing and formatting options such as font styles, paragraph settings, and clipboard functions.

The correct answer is James Wilfred Jefford. Rear Admiral James Wilfred Jefford was a British Royal Navy officer who served as the first Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Pakistan Navy (later Pakistan Navy) from 1947 to 1953. He played a crucial role in establishing and organizing the nascent Pakistan Navy after the partition of British India.

• Haji Mohammad Siddiq was a later prominent figure but not the first Admiral.
• Afzal Rahman Khan became Commander-in-Chief much later.
• Syed Mohammad Ahsan also served as Commander-in-Chief at a later stage.

Jefford's appointment reflected the initial reliance on British officers to lead the armed forces of newly independent Pakistan.

The first animal successfully cloned from an adult somatic cell was Dolly the Sheep. She was born on July 5, 1996, at the Roslin Institute in Scotland, marking a significant breakthrough in genetic engineering and reproductive science. Dolly's creation demonstrated that a specialized adult cell could be used to create an entire organism.

• While other animals like goats, dogs, and cows have been successfully cloned since Dolly, she holds the historical distinction as the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
• The cloning of Dolly sparked widespread debate about the ethics and potential applications of cloning technology.

Function keys (F1-F12) on a keyboard often serve as shortcuts for common tasks in operating systems and applications. In Windows, there's a universally recognized key for accessing help documentation, which is a foundational aspect of user support.

• A. F1 (Correct): The F1 key is the standard shortcut for opening the Help window or accessing the help system in almost all Windows applications and the Windows operating system itself.
• B. F2 (False): F2 is typically used to rename a selected file or folder.
• C. F5 (False): F5 is commonly used to refresh the active window or web page, or to start a slideshow in PowerPoint.
• D. F11 (False): F11 is often used to toggle full-screen mode in web browsers and some other applications.