PPSC Past Papers 2025 Archives

The term “sociology” was coined by:

A. Auguste Comte

B. Karl Marx

C. Emile Durkheim

D. Max Weber

Correct answer is: A. Auguste Comte

Why: French thinker Auguste Comte introduced sociology as a discipline to scientifically study society and human behavior.

The Indian National Congress was founded in:

A. 1857

B. 1885

C. 1905

D. 1942

Correct answer is: B. 1885

Why? Founded in 1885 by Allan Octavian Hume and others, the INC became the main political platform for India’s independence movement.

A pixel is:

A. The smallest resolvable part of a picture

B. A picture stored in secondary memory

C. A computer program that draws picture

D. A virus

Correct answer is: A. The smallest resolvable part of a picture

Why? A pixel is the smallest individual element of a digital image or display. Each pixel carries color and brightness information to form a complete picture.

The Durand Line was formed after which war?

A. First Anglo-Afghan War

B. Second Anglo-Afghan War

C. Third Anglo-Afghan War

D. WWI

Correct answer is: B. Second Anglo-Afghan War

Why: The Durand Line agreement (1893) was concluded after the Second Anglo-Afghan War, demarcating the frontier between British India and Afghanistan.

Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military was written by:

A. Sardar Masood

B. Husain Haqqani

C. Asad Majeed

D. Jaleel Abbas Jilani

Correct answer is: B. Husain Haqqani

Why? Husain Haqqani, former diplomat, authored this book analyzing Pakistan’s civil–military relations and religious politics.

An article is sold for 596 after a 20% discount. What was the original price?

A. 600

B. 745

C. 800

D. 945

Correct answer is: B. 745

Why? Let the original price be x. After 20% discount, selling price = 80% of x. So, 0.8x = 596 → x = 596 ÷ 0.8 = 745.

The Ottoman Empire was the successor of which dynasty?

A. Umayyad Dynasty

B. Abbasid Dynasty

C. Seljuk Dynasty

D. Fatimid Dynasty

Correct answer is: C. Seljuk Dynasty

Why: The Ottomans rose in Anatolia after the decline of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, building a vast empire that lasted until 1924.

Baltit Fort is located in which valley?

A. Chitral Valley

B. Hunza Valley

C. Gilgit Valley

D. Kashmir Valley

Correct answer is: B. Hunza Valley

Why? Baltit Fort, a UNESCO heritage site, is located in Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan, showcasing Tibetan and Balti architecture.

The synonym of “Prolong” is:

A. Extend

B. Shorten

C. Cancel

D. End

Correct answer is: A. Extend

Why? “Prolong” means to lengthen or extend the duration of something, so the closest synonym is “Extend.”

Biography is the study of:

A. Plants

B. Maps

C. Rocks

D. Lives of people

Correct answer is: D. Lives of people

Why: Biography literally means the written account of a person’s life, focusing on experiences, achievements, and significance.