Non-probability Sampling is a method where individuals are selected without a known chance of selection, often based on convenience or researcher judgment. In contrast, Probability Sampling ensures every individual has a known chance. Random and Cluster Sampling are types of probability sampling.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
A Directional Hypothesis is correct because it predicts the specific nature or direction of a relationship or difference between variables (e.g.,
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Cluster Sampling involves dividing the population into groups (clusters) and then randomly selecting entire clusters to be part of the sample. Stratified Sampling and Systematic Sampling typically select individuals from subgroups or lists, not whole groups. Random Sampling is a general term.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
A Null Hypothesis (H0) posits no statistical significance or relationship between variables. A Non-Directional Hypothesis suggests a difference but not its direction. A Directional Hypothesis specifies the direction of the difference. An Experimental Hypothesis is a general term for a testable statement.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Stratified Sampling ensures that subgroups (strata) within the population are represented in the sample in the same proportion as they exist in the population. Systematic, Random, and Cluster Sampling do not primarily focus on proportional subgroup representation in this specific manner.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Accepting the Null Hypothesis means any observed difference is likely due to chance, not a true effect, hence it is not statistically significant. Rejecting it implies a significant difference. "Significant and statistical" is incorrect as it implies rejection.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Random Sampling (or Simple Random Sampling) is a method where every individual in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Stratified Sampling and Systematic Sampling are specific types of probability sampling, but 'Random Sampling' is the general term for equal chance.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Rejecting the Null Hypothesis indicates that the observed difference between variables is unlikely due to chance, meaning it is statistically significant. "Not significant and statistical" would imply acceptance of the null hypothesis.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Systematic Sampling involves selecting individuals from a list at a fixed, predetermined interval after a random starting point. Stratified Sampling uses subgroups, and Random Sampling is a general equal-chance method. Double Sampling is a multi-phase approach.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Hypotheses can originate from various sources, including general culture, established scientific theories, and researchers' personal experiences and analogies. Therefore, all listed options contribute to hypothesis formulation.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Double Sampling (also known as Two-Phase Sampling) involves drawing a large initial sample and then taking a smaller subsample from it for more detailed or costly analysis. The other options describe different single-phase sampling methods, not this two-stage process.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
A hypothesis in Declaration Form explicitly states a relationship between variables. Null Form states no relationship. Question Form poses it as an inquiry. Prediction Form anticipates an outcome, often a type of declaration.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Convenience sampling, also known as accidental sampling, involves selecting participants who are readily available and easy to access.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
In a Cross-sectional survey (B), data is collected from a sample at a single point in time, providing a snapshot of a population's characteristics or attitudes. A Longitudinal Survey (A) collects data over an extended period, making it distinct from the single-point-in-time approach.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
A Longitudinal Survey (A) involves collecting data from the same subjects repeatedly over an extended period. This method is specifically designed to measure growth, change, or development over time. A Cross-sectional survey (B) collects data at one point in time, which is not suitable for measuring change.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Historical research reports often focus on narrative, interpretation of primary/secondary sources, and chronological presentation. This differs significantly from the structured, statistical, and methodological reporting typical of descriptive and experimental research.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Longitudinal studies track changes over time. Trend surveys examine general population changes, cohort surveys follow specific subgroups, and panel surveys track the same individuals. Follow-up surveys are also a type of longitudinal design. Thus, both categories are correct.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Descriptive research aims to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon. Predicting voting behavior falls under describing a future state or trend.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Causal-comparative research investigates cause-and-effect relationships where the independent variable has already occurred and cannot be manipulated.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Correlational research specifically investigates the statistical relationship between two or more variables without manipulation.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Causal-comparative research compares pre-existing groups that differ on an independent variable to determine its effect on a dependent variable.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure quantifying the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Multimethod research involves using multiple research methods, which can include both qualitative and quantitative approaches. This is often seen in mixed-methods studies, combining the strengths of both paradigms for a comprehensive understanding.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
Goode and Hatt are the renowned authors of the book "Methods in Social Research." This is a factual recall question.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree
A hypothesis is a testable, tentative statement or prediction about the relationship between variables, based on existing knowledge.
Is this answer helpful and correct?
0 agree0 disagree