Correct Answer:
B. Poll-tax on non-Muslims
In Islamic history, Jizya refers to a specific form of taxation. It was a levy imposed on non-Muslims (known as Dhimmis) living under Islamic rule, in exchange for certain rights and protections.
The correct definition is Poll-tax on non-Muslims (Option B). This tax granted non-Muslims protection from external enemies, exemption from military service (which was obligatory for Muslims), and the freedom to practice their own religion and manage their internal affairs according to their own laws.
Option A,