Correct Answer:
C. 1973
Port Qasim, Pakistan's second-largest port, was established in 1973. This year marks a significant development in Pakistan's maritime infrastructure, aimed at easing congestion at Karachi Port and boosting trade capabilities. The port was named after Muhammad bin Qasim, an Arab general who conquered Sindh. Options like 1947, 1962, and 1980 are incorrect. 1947 was the year of Pakistan's independence, 1962 saw the promulgation of a new constitution, and 1980 is too late for its establishment. The 1973 establishment was crucial for Pakistan's economic growth and international trade.