Correct Answer:
D. Muhammad Shah
The correct answer is Muhammad Shah. Ahmad Shah Abdali, the founder of the Durrani Empire, invaded India multiple times between 1748 and 1767. His first invasion occurred in 1748, when he was defeated by the Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah at the Battle of Manupur (near Sirhind). Muhammad Shah was the Mughal Emperor at that time, ruling from 1719 to 1748. Shah Alam II ruled later (1759–1806), Akbar ruled in the 16th century, and Ahmad Shah Bahadur ruled from 1748 to 1754 but was not the emperor at the time of the 1748 battle. Therefore, Muhammad Shah is the correct answer.