Correct Answer:
D. All of these
Acid rain causes extensive damage to All of these options. It is precipitation with elevated levels of hydrogen ions, primarily from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions.
- It harms flora and fauna by acidifying aquatic ecosystems, damaging forests, and leaching vital nutrients from soil.
- It impedes the growth of trees by weakening them, making them susceptible to disease and direct foliage damage.
- It erodes sculptures and marble constructions, as the acids react with calcium carbonate, causing deterioration of historical monuments and buildings.
Therefore, its impact is widespread and affects all listed categories.