Correct Answer:
B. pop quizzes
Assessments in education serve different purposes. Formative assessment is designed to monitor student learning during instruction and provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. It is 'assessment for learning'.
- Pop quizzes are typically short, informal, and provide quick feedback on understanding, making them a prime example of formative assessment.
- Option A, end-of-term exams, are summative assessments, evaluating learning at the end of a unit or course.
- Option C, grading projects, often serve as summative assessments, measuring overall achievement.
- Option D, standardized tests, are also typically summative, comparing student performance against a benchmark.
The key distinction is the purpose: formative assessments guide learning, while summative assessments evaluate it.