Which is a formal method of evaluation?

Evaluation methods can be broadly categorized as formal or informal. Formal methods are structured, standardized, and often yield quantifiable data, while informal methods are more flexible and observational.

• The correct answer, C: Written test, is a quintessential example of a formal evaluation method. Written tests are typically standardized, administered under controlled conditions, and scored objectively, providing a structured and consistent assessment of knowledge or skills against specific criteria.
• A: Observation, while it can be structured, is generally considered an informal method when used for ongoing assessment, often involving watching students in natural settings without strict controls.
• B: Interview, though it can be structured, often relies on subjective interpretation and interaction, making it less formal than a standardized written test.
• D: Anecdotal record is an informal, descriptive account of a student's behavior or performance, typically collected spontaneously and lacking the standardization of a formal assessment.