Which is summative assessment example?

Summative assessment evaluates student learning at the end of an instructional unit or course by comparing it against a standard or benchmark. Its primary purpose is to measure overall achievement and assign grades. A final exam is the quintessential example of summative assessment because it occurs at the conclusion of a major learning period, such as a semester or year, to comprehensively evaluate a student's mastery of the entire curriculum. It typically contributes significantly to the final grade.

• Quiz: Quizzes are often formative, used to check understanding during a unit and provide ongoing feedback, though they can sometimes have minor summative components.
• Assignment: Assignments can be either formative (e.g., practice homework) or summative (e.g., a major project), but 'final exam' is a more definitive and universally recognized summative assessment.
• Class discussion: Class discussions are primarily formative, fostering active learning, engagement, and immediate feedback, rather than serving as a final evaluation of learning outcomes.