Tests are broadly categorized into two types based on how they interpret scores: norm-referenced and criterion-referenced. Understanding this distinction is crucial for interpreting assessment results accurately.
Norm-referenced tests (NRTs) are designed to compare and rank test-takers relative to a specific group of other test-takers, known as the 'norm group.' The primary goal is to determine an individual's performance in comparison to their peers.
Therefore, the correct answer is Peers. NRTs tell us how a student performs compared to others who have taken the same test. Options like Standards and Objectives are associated with criterion-referenced tests, which measure performance against a predetermined set of criteria or learning goals, not against other students. Comparing students with Themselves is typically part of ipsative assessment, tracking individual progress.