Correct Answer:
B. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
The Tughlaq Dynasty was a significant Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin that ruled over the Delhi Sultanate. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, originally Ghazi Malik, founded the dynasty in 1320 AD, marking the end of the Khilji dynasty's rule. He established a stable administration and initiated several reforms.
- Ghiyasuddin Balban was a powerful ruler of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty, which preceded the Khilji and Tughlaq dynasties, making him incorrect.
- Muhammad bin Tughlaq was Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq's son and successor, known for his controversial administrative experiments, but he was not the founder.
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq was a later ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty, known for his public works and administrative reforms, but he also did not found the dynasty.