Correct Answer: Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly regulate blood glucose levels because of insufficient insulin production or ineffective insulin action. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, allows glucose to enter cells where it is used for energy. When this process is disrupted, glucose accumulates in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels. There are two major types of diabetes: Type 1, caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, and Type 2, primarily associated with insulin resistance. If left untreated, diabetes can lead to complications affecting the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves, and blood vessels. Healthy eating, regular exercise, medication, and routine monitoring help manage the disease effectively.
- Disease: Diabetes mellitus.
- Category: Metabolic disorder.
- Main Hormone: Insulin.
- Primary Effect: High blood glucose.
- Correct Answer: Diabetes.