Correct Answer:
B. Microservices Architecture.
The correct answer is B: Microservices Architecture. Microservices architecture is a modern software development approach where an application is built as a collection of small, independent services. Each service is self-contained, responsible for a specific business capability, runs in its own process, and communicates with others through lightweight mechanisms, often APIs. This modularity allows for independent development, deployment, scaling, and maintenance of each component, making it ideal for complex, evolving web services that require agility and resilience.
- Option A: Monolithic Architecture is incorrect. A monolithic application is built as a single, tightly coupled unit, where all components are packaged and deployed together. This is the opposite of modern web services requiring independent components and often leads to challenges in scaling and maintenance.
- Option C: Client-Server Architecture is incorrect. Client-server is a fundamental architectural model where clients request resources or services from servers. While microservices can operate within a client-server context (e.g., client requests services from a microservice-based backend), it describes the overall interaction pattern rather than the internal structure of the server-side components with independent parts.
- Option D: Peer-to-Peer Architecture is incorrect. Peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture is a decentralized model where each node can act as both a client and a server, sharing resources directly with other nodes. While it involves independent nodes, it's not the typical architecture for structuring the internal components of modern centralized web services.