Correct Answer:
C. TCP/IP
The correct answer is TCP/IP because Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is the foundational architectural suite that governs how data is packetized, addressed, and routed globally across the internet.
- Step 1 (Core Architecture): TCP/IP acts as the universal language of the internet. The **TCP** layer handles connection reliability by breaking files into small packets and verifying they land safely at the destination without errors.
- Step 2 (Routing Protocol): The **IP** layer manages the routing mapping, ensuring that every individual data packet is stamped with the correct source and destination IP addresses to travel successfully through global network switches.
- Incorrect Options:
- HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is incorrect because it is a higher-level application protocol used specifically to fetch web pages, running completely on top of the underlying TCP/IP transport layer.
- WWW (World Wide Web) is incorrect because it is an information system layer of linked documents accessed via internet channels, not a data transmission protocol.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is incorrect because it is a specialized application standard used exclusively for raw file transfers, relying entirely on TCP/IP to operate.
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