PPSC Planning Officer (BS-17) Mcqs Solved Past Papers

Pakistan shares its longest land border with Afghanistan, known as the Durand Line. This border stretches approximately 2,430 kilometers (1,510 miles) and has historically been a point of geopolitical significance.

• Afghanistan (Correct): The Durand Line forms the extensive border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, making it the longest.
• China (False): Pakistan shares a border with China in the north, but it is significantly shorter than the border with Afghanistan.
• Iran (False): The border with Iran is also substantial but not as long as the one with Afghanistan.
• Tajikistan (False): Pakistan does not share a direct border with Tajikistan; the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan separates them.

In programming, a loop placed inside the body of another loop is fundamentally known as a nested loop. This structure is commonly used when iterating over multi-dimensional data structures or performing operations that require repeated iterations for each iteration of an outer loop.

• Nested Loop (Correct): This term precisely describes the concept of one loop being contained within another.
• Infinite Loop (False): An infinite loop is one that runs indefinitely because its termination condition is never met, not a structural description.
• Recursive Loop (False): While recursion involves a function calling itself, it's a different concept from a loop containing another loop.
• Inner Loop (False): "Inner loop" refers to the loop inside, but "nested loop" is the comprehensive term for the entire structure.

Animation is the process of creating the illusion of motion and change by rapidly displaying a sequence of static images or frames. Each image is slightly different from the last, and when viewed in quick succession, the human brain perceives continuous movement.

• Accelerating static images (Correct): This option best describes the core principle of animation: displaying a series of slightly varied static images quickly to create movement.
• Printing out (False): Printing is the process of producing hard copies of digital content, unrelated to creating motion.
• Changing the pictures in the graph (False): While graphs can be animated, "changing pictures in a graph" is too specific and doesn't define animation broadly.
• To make a picture (False): Making a picture is part of the animation process, but it doesn't define animation itself, which is about creating motion from those pictures.

This question tests the correct use of auxiliary verbs in a contrasting statement. The first clause uses "hasn't finished" (present perfect), so the contrasting clause should also use a present perfect auxiliary verb. The subject "we" requires "have."

• have (Correct): "We have" correctly completes the sentence, maintaining the present perfect tense and agreeing with the plural subject "we." It implies "we have finished our work."
• has (False): "Has" is used with singular subjects (he, she, it), not with "we."
• did (False): "Did" is the auxiliary verb for the simple past tense, which doesn't match the present perfect tense of the first clause.
• haven’t too (False): This is grammatically incorrect. "Haven't" would imply "we haven't finished," which contradicts the "but" conjunction suggesting a contrast.

The word "Calamity" refers to an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster. Therefore, "Disaster" is its closest synonym, describing a sudden event that causes great damage or suffering.

• Disaster (Correct): "Disaster" perfectly aligns with the meaning of "Calamity," both referring to a catastrophic event.
• Fortune (False): "Fortune" refers to luck or a large amount of money, which is the opposite of a calamity.
• Windfall (False): A "windfall" is a piece of unexpected good fortune, again, the opposite of a calamity.
• Prosperity (False): "Prosperity" means the state of being successful, especially financially, which is contrary to the meaning of calamity.

This question tests the transformation of direct speech into indirect speech, specifically for optative sentences (expressing a wish or prayer).

• Correct Option B: "He wished me that I might be happy." This is accurate because when transforming an optative sentence, 'said to' changes to 'wished' or 'prayed'. The conjunction 'that' is used. 'May' changes to 'might', and the pronoun 'you' (referring to 'me') changes to 'I'.
• Option A: "He said to me that I may be happy." Incorrect because 'said to' should change to 'wished' and 'may' should change to 'might' in indirect speech.
• Option C: "He wished me that you might be happy." Incorrect because the pronoun 'you' should change to 'I' to reflect the person being wished upon (me).
• Option D: "He said to me that I might being happy." Incorrect due to 'said to' instead of 'wished' and the grammatical error 'might being happy' instead of 'might be happy'.