In action research, the practitioner (e.g., a teacher, manager) is typically the one who conducts the research on their own practice to bring about improvement. This direct involvement and self-reflection are defining characteristics that distinguish it from other research types.
Historical research systematically collects and evaluates past data to understand events. Studying past resources directly aligns with this. R and D focuses on new products, Evaluation assesses worth, and Basic research expands theoretical knowledge, none of which primarily study the past.
In Historical research, data analysis primarily involves criticism (external for authenticity, internal for credibility) to ensure source validity. Tools, Motives, and Instruments relate to data collection or interpretation, but not the core method for validating historical information.
In which type of sampling does the subject not have an equal chance of selection?Read More »
SPSS stands for "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences," which is a widely used software program for statistical analysis in social science research.
An in-depth study of a single student at one point for their benefit is called?Read More »
Explanation:
A Null Hypothesis (H₀) states that there is no relationship, no association, or no significant difference between the variables being studied. Researchers test the null hypothesis to determine whether there is enough evidence to reject it.
A Non-directional Hypothesis predicts that a relationship or difference exists but does not specify the direction (e.g., it does not state whether one variable increases or decreases the other).
Key Points:
The population is the entire group of individuals or items that a researcher intends to study and generalize findings to, forming the complete set.
An independent variable is also known as a consequent variable, as it is the variable that is changed or controlled in an experiment.
The scientific method provides a systematic, empirical, and objective approach to problem-solving, ensuring reliable and verifiable solutions.
Longitudinal research involves studying the same subjects or phenomena repeatedly over an extended period, making it a long-term research approach.
Historical research examines unique past events and contexts, meaning its specific findings are typically not generalizable to other situations or broader populations.
Quota sampling is a non-probability method where researchers select participants based on specific characteristics until a predetermined number is reached, not using random selection.
If you think there is any confusion in given MCQS You can comment.
Follow us on WhatsApp
docmcqs.com is Pakistan No.1 online Platform to prepare all types of Exams including PPSC, FPSC, KPSC, SPSC, Ministry of Defence, And for all one paper MCQs , Pedagogy MCQs, docmcqs general knowledge MCQs, current affair MCQs and a lot more
In stratified sampling, the population is first divided into distinct subgroups or "strata" (groups), and then individuals are randomly selected from each of these groups.
The preliminary pages, including the title page, abstract, and table of contents, constitute the very first section of a comprehensive research report.
Experimental research fundamentally begins with a hypothesis, which is a testable statement or prediction about the relationship between variables, guiding the entire investigation.
Pilot testing involves a preliminary run of the research instrument with a small sample to identify and rectify potential flaws before the main study.
An interval scale has equidistant intervals, allowing meaningful difference comparisons, but lacks a true zero point, meaning zero does not indicate absence.
The mode is the most frequently occurring score or value within a dataset, representing the highest concentration of data points in a distribution.
The mean is the arithmetic average of a set of scores, calculated by summing all values and then dividing by the total number of observations.
In experimental research, a control group is used to isolate the effect of the independent variable by providing a baseline for comparison.
Reliability in tests and assessments refers to the consistency of the measurement, ensuring that repeated measurements under the same conditions yield similar results.
Basic research is a fundamental type of research categorized by its purpose, aiming to expand theoretical knowledge and understanding.