Computer Science MCQ with detailed explanations for students & freshers preparing for entrance exams, various tests, interviews, competitive exams like GATE exam, interview, competitive examination and entrance exam.
A DBMS is a software application used to create, manage, and manipulate databases. MySQL, Microsoft Access, and IBM DB2 are examples of DBMS software. Google is a search engine and technology company.
Here's a brief explanation of the other options:
Hierarchical: Data is organized in a tree-like structure with a single root.
Network: Data is organized in a graph-like structure with multiple parent-child relationships.
Distributed: Data is stored on multiple computers connected by a network.
Decentralization is more of a concept or architecture than a specific database type. It refers to systems where control and management are distributed among multiple entities rather than centralized in a single location. While decentralized systems can use various database technologies, they are not a database type themselves.
In essence, while decentralized databases are emerging as a concept, they don't fit into the traditional categorization of database types like hierarchical, network, or distributed.
Why Tables?
Organization: Tables provide a structured way to organize data into rows and columns. Each row represents a record, and each column represents a specific attribute or field.
Efficiency: This format allows for efficient data storage, retrieval, and manipulation.
Indexing: Databases can create indexes on columns, enabling rapid searching and sorting of data.
Relationships: Tables can be linked together to represent complex relationships between data (e.g., one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many).
Other Formats
While tables are the fundamental structure, it's important to note that:
Images, text, and other data types can be stored within tables as part of a record, often as references to external files or as binary data.
Graphs are typically not a direct storage format in traditional relational databases. However, graph databases specialize in storing and managing graph-structured data.
In summary, while a DBMS can handle various data types, the core structure for organizing and managing data is the table.
Numbers: Integers, decimals, floating-point numbers, and other numerical values.
Unstructured Data
Images: Photos, graphics, and other visual content.
Audio: Music, sound effects, and voice recordings.
Video: Movies, TV shows, and other video content.
Documents: Word documents, PDFs, and other document formats.
Other Data Types
Geospatial Data: Location data, maps, and geographic information.
Time-Series Data: Data points collected at specific intervals.
Graph Data: Networks of interconnected nodes and relationships.
Note: The specific data types supported by a database system can vary depending on the database management system (DBMS) used.
His work laid the foundation for modern database systems.
While Edgar Codd is also a significant figure in database history, he is primarily known for developing the relational database model, which came later.
A Database Management System (DBMS) is essentially a software application that acts as an intermediary between the user and the database. Its primary functions are:
Storing data: Organizing and saving information in a structured format.
Modifying data: Allowing users to update, change, or delete existing data.
Retrieving data: Enabling users to access and extract specific information from the database.
Organized: Data is structured in a specific way (e.g., tables, records, fields) for efficient retrieval.
Collection: It contains multiple pieces of related information.
Accessed, updated, and managed: The database system allows users to retrieve, modify, and control the data within it.
A database is essentially a digital repository designed to store, organize, and manage information effectively. It's a fundamental component in modern computing, used in everything from small-scale applications to large enterprise systems.
Key functions of a DBMS include:
Creating, storing, and managing databases
Providing access to data for various users and applications
Ensuring data integrity, consistency, and security
Optimizing database performance
Popular examples of DBMS software:
MySQL
Oracle Database
SQL Server
PostgreSQL
MongoDB (NoSQL database)
Would you like to learn more about DBMS or its components?
Partitioning: This involves dividing the disk into separate sections called partitions. Each partition can be used independently to store different types of data or operating systems.
Logical formatting: This process creates a file system structure on a partition, defining how data is organized and stored on the disk. It creates directories, files, and other metadata necessary for file management.
These two steps are essential to prepare a disk for storing and managing files effectively.
The bootstrap program is the initial software that runs when a computer is powered on or restarted. It performs essential tasks like:
Initializing hardware components
Loading the operating system into memory
Transferring control to the operating system
Essentially, it bridges the gap between hardware and software, setting the stage for the operating system to take over.